Table 2.

Effect of forest bathing on the levels of urinary noradrenaline, dopamine, and adrenaline in male subjects.

	Before walking	After walking
Noradrenaline
Urban	93.17 ± 6.57	78.46 ± 5.56##
Forest	79.35 ± 5.95∗	70.29 ± 6.36∗,#
Dopamine
Urban	503.65 ± 31.23	560.40 ± 39.25
Forest	428.66 ± 28.59	447.97 ± 20.76∗∗
Adrenaline
Urban	5.50 ± 0.84	5.371 ± 1.09
Forest	5.04 ± 0.73	4.42 ± 0.63

Mean ± SE, n = 19, ^∗ p < 0.05, ^∗∗ p < 0.01 versus urban; ^# p < 0.05, ^## p < 0.01 versus before, by paired t-test.