| AAs | amino acids |
| ARBs | angiotensin receptor blockers |
| AHF | Acute heart failure |
| ATP | adenosine triphosphate |
| CoQ10 | coenzyme Q10 |
| GABA | γ-aminobutyric acid |
| HF | heart failure |
| HFrEF | heart failure with reduced ejection fraction |
| HFpEF | heart failure with preserved ejection fraction |
| NYHA | New York Heart Association |
| MACE | major adverse cardiovascular events |
| LVEF | left ventricular ejection fraction |
| NO | nitric oxide |
| TPP | thiamine pyrophosphate |
| 6MWD | 6-minute walking distance |
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