Table 1.
Weighted characteristics of the study population of adults aged 50+ years in China, Ghana, India and South Africa and pooled, SAGE Wave 1 (N = 25,179)
| Characteristics | China | Ghana | India | South Africa | Pooled data | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 11,692 | N = 4093 | N = 6409 | N = 2985 | N = 25,179 | ||||||
| n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | |
| Sex | ||||||||||
| Male | 5492 | 49.7 | 2127 | 52.0 | 3230 | 50.6 | 1189 | 49.8 | 12,038 | 49.6 |
| Female | 6200 | 50.3 | 1966 | 48.0 | 3179 | 49.4 | 1796 | 50.2 | 13,141 | 50.4 |
| Age group (years) | ||||||||||
| 50–59 | 5067 | 44.9 | 1619 | 40.2 | 2862 | 47.9 | 1313 | 49.5 | 10,861 | 49.8 |
| 60–69 | 3555 | 32.3 | 1136 | 27.2 | 2182 | 31.2 | 965 | 30.9 | 7838 | 29.4 |
| 70–79 | 2464 | 18.6 | 931 | 22.9 | 1044 | 16.3 | 517 | 14.1 | 4956 | 15.9 |
| 80+ | 606 | 4.2 | 407 | 9.7 | 321 | 4.6 | 190 | 5.5 | 1524 | 4.9 |
| Residence | ||||||||||
| Urban | 6030 | 49.2 | 1659 | 40.6 | 1654 | 29.0 | 2006 | 65.3 | 11,349 | 41.6 |
| Rural | 5662 | 50.8 | 2434 | 59.4 | 4755 | 71.0 | 979 | 34.7 | 13,830 | 58.4 |
| Highest education | ||||||||||
| No schooling | 2727 | 21.7 | 2257 | 53.9 | 3286 | 51.7 | 771 | 24.1 | 9041 | 31.2 |
| Primary or less | 4384 | 40.0 | 855 | 21.4 | 1642 | 25.0 | 1444 | 46.6 | 8325 | 25.2 |
| Secondary | 4014 | 33.6 | 837 | 21.0 | 1162 | 18.3 | 617 | 23.3 | 6630 | 29.0 |
| University | 567 | 4.7 | 144 | 3.7 | 319 | 5.0 | 153 | 6.0 | 1183 | 4.6 |
| Wealth quintile | ||||||||||
| 1 (Lowest) | 2259 | 15.7 | 812 | 18.2 | 1043 | 18.2 | 548 | 19.4 | 4662 | 16.5 |
| 2 | 2284 | 17.8 | 802 | 19.0 | 1185 | 19.2 | 608 | 20.2 | 4879 | 18.3 |
| 3 | 2337 | 20.3 | 828 | 20.9 | 1176 | 18.7 | 608 | 19.4 | 4949 | 19.6 |
| 4 | 2429 | 23.6 | 843 | 20.9 | 1393 | 20.0 | 612 | 20.0 | 5277 | 22.4 |
| 5 (Highest) | 2383 | 22.6 | 808 | 21.0 | 1612 | 23.9 | 609 | 21.0 | 5412 | 23.2 |
| Smoking | ||||||||||
| Non-smoker | 7794 | 64.1 | 3037 | 75.2 | 3048 | 45.7 | 1934 | 66.9 | 15,813 | 58.5 |
| Daily smoker | 2849 | 26.7 | 402 | 8.1 | 2826 | 46.5 | 664 | 20.1 | 6741 | 32.8 |
| Non-daily smoker | 302 | 2.5 | 112 | 2.6 | 195 | 3.0 | 115 | 3.2 | 724 | 2.7 |
| Former smoker | 747 | 6.7 | 542 | 14.1 | 340 | 4.8 | 272 | 9.8 | 1901 | 6.0 |
| Alcohol use | ||||||||||
| Drinker | 3612 | 33.9 | 2389 | 57.8 | 1015 | 15.9 | 827 | 25.4 | 7843 | 28.3 |
| Non-drinker | 8080 | 66.1 | 1704 | 42.2 | 5394 | 84.1 | 2158 | 74.6 | 17,336 | 71.7 |
| Nutritional status | ||||||||||
| Inadequate | 1413 | 9.6 | 2840 | 68.0 | 5711 | 90.4 | 2186 | 68.4 | 12,150 | 35.9 |
| Adequate | 10,279 | 90.4 | 1253 | 32.0 | 698 | 9.6 | 799 | 31.6 | 13,029 | 64.1 |
| Chronic conditions | ||||||||||
| Diabetes | ||||||||||
| Yes | 785 | 6.7 | 161 | 3.9 | 471 | 6.5 | 297 | 9.6 | 1714 | 6.3 |
| No | 10,907 | 93.3 | 3932 | 96.1 | 5938 | 93.5 | 2688 | 90.6 | 23,465 | 93.7 |
| Angina | ||||||||||
| Yes | 1059 | 8.0 | 138 | 3.7 | 320 | 5.5 | 176 | 4.9 | 1693 | 6.8 |
| No | 10,633 | 92.0 | 3955 | 96.3 | 6084 | 94.5 | 2809 | 95.1 | 23,486 | 93.2 |
| Hypertension | ||||||||||
| Yes | 3254 | 26.8 | 548 | 14.0 | 1120 | 16.8 | 922 | 31.0 | 5844 | 22.8 |
| No | 8438 | 73.2 | 3545 | 86.0 | 5289 | 83.2 | 2063 | 69.0 | 19,335 | 77.2 |