Table 1.

Dietary plan macronutrient composition for DKD in the non-dialysis stage.

Source: adapted from the Brazilian Diabetes Society (2014)

Macronutrients	Recommended intake/day
Total carbohydrates	45–60 % of TEI (total energy intake)
Saccharose	Up to 10 %
Fructose	Not recommended its addition to food
Dietary fibers	Minimum of 20 g/day or 14 g/1000 kcal
Total fat	Up to 30 % of TEI
Saturated fatty acids (SFA)	<7 % of TEI
Trans fatty acids (TFA)	≤2 g
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs)	Up to 10 % of TEI
Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA)	Supplemented individually
Cholesterol	<200 mg/day
Proteins	0.8–1.0 g/kg/day in the early stages of disease and <0.8 g/kg/day in the final phases