Table 2.
Top 20 herbal ingredients contained in the PFS taken by consumers, according to “body weight” reasona
| PFS taken by those who responded “body weight”b | PFS taken by those who did not respond “body weight”c | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Herbal ingredients consumed | PFS (n) | % (CI 95 %) | Herbal ingredients consumed | PFS (n) | % (CI 95 %) |
| Cynara scolymus (artichoke) | 72 | 6.1 (4.7-7.4) | Ginkgo biloba (ginkgo) | 191 | 3.1 (2.6-3.5) |
| Camellia sinensis (green tea) | 37 | 3.1 (2.1-4.1) | Oenothera biennis (evening primrose) | 184 | 2.9 (2.5-3.4) |
| Foeniculum vulgare (fennel) | 34 | 2.9 (1.9-3.8) | Panax ginseng (ginseng) | 160 | 2.6 (2.2-2.9) |
| Vitis vinifera (grapevine) | 23 | 1.9 (1.2-2.7) | Aloe vera (aloe) | 132 | 2.1 (1.8-2.5) |
| Ananas comosus (pineapple) | 21 | 1.8 (1.0-2.5) | Valeriana officinalis (valerian) | 123 | 2.0 (1.6-2.3) |
| Taraxacum officinale (dandelion) | 21 | 1.8 (1.0-2.5) | Cynara scolymus (artichoke) | 101 | 1.6 (1.3-1.9) |
| Pimpinella anisum (aniseed) | 19 | 1.6 (0.9-2.3) | Echinacea purpurea (echinacea) | 100 | 1.6 (1.3-1.9) |
| Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) | 19 | 1.6 (0.9-2.3) | Foeniculum vulgare (fennel) | 98 | 1.6 (1.3-1.9) |
| Linum usitatissimum (flax) | 17 | 1.4 (0.8-2.1) | Melissa officinalis (lemon balm) | 95 | 1.5 (1.2-1.8) |
| Vaccinium myrtillus (bilberry) | 17 | 1.4 (0.8-2.1) | Glycine max (soy bean) | 91 | 1.5 (1.2-1.8) |
| Citrus limon (lemon) | 15 | 1.3 (0.6-1.9) | Vaccinium myrtillus (bilberry) | 83 | 1.3 (1.0-1.6) |
| Raphanus sativus (radish) | 15 | 1.3 (0.6-1.9) | Echinacea angustifolia (echinacea) | 77 | 1.2 (1.0-1.5) |
| Urtica dioica (common nettle) | 15 | 1.3 (0.6-1.9) | Harpagophytum p. (devil’s claw) | 75 | 1.2 (0.9-1.5) |
| Zingiber officinale (ginger) | 15 | 1.3 (0.6-1.9) | Passiflora incarnata (passionflower) | 74 | 1.2 (0.9-1.5) |
| Matricaria chamomilla (Hungarian camomile) | 15 | 1.3 (0.6-1.9) | Zingiber officinale (ginger) | 74 | 1.2 (0.9-1.5) |
| Malus pumila (apple) | 14 | 1.2 (0.6-1.8) | Allium sativum (garlic) | 71 | 1.1 (0.9-1.4) |
| Aloe vera (aloe) | 13 | 1.1 (0.5-1.7) | Pimpinella anisum (aniseed) | 70 | 1.12 (0.9-1.4) |
| Equisetum arvense (horsetail) | 13 | 1.1 (0.5-1.7) | Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) | 67 | 1.1 (0.8-1.3) |
| Fucus vesiculosus (kelp) | 13 | 1.1 (0.5-1.7) | Oenothera spec (evening primrose) | 65 | 1.0 (0.8-1.3) |
| Olea europaea (olive tree) | 13 | 1.1 (0.5-1.7) | Mentha piperita (peppermint) | 64 | 1.0 (0.8-1.3) |
aQuestion asked: For what reason(s)/condition(s) did you take this product? (mark all that apply) - twenty possible options were available. bThose who responded “body weight” i.e. Subsample 1; at least one of the options chosen included “body weight”. cNeither of the options chosen included “body weight”