Table 3. Univariate analysis of factors associated with schistosomiasis among the participants (n = 551).

Variables	Schistosomiasis		OR(95% CI)	P
Variables	No. examined	% infected
Age group
Children (< 18 years)	198	23.2	1.76 (1.13, 2.73)	0.012^*
Adult (≥ 18 years)	353	14.7	1
Gender
Male	340	20.6	1.70 (1.05, 2.73)	0.029^*
Female	211	13.3	1
Educational levels
Non educated	88	17.0	0.83 (0.43, 1.60)	0.573
Primary education	272	16.5	080 (0.50, 1.29)	0.355
Secondary/tertiary education	191	19.9	1
Occupational status
Not working	281	21.7	1.75 (1.12, 2.74)	0.014^*
Working	270	13.7	1
Household monthly income
< NGN 32,000 (low)	231	18.2	1.05 (0.67, 1.63)	0.836
≥ NGN 32,000	320	17.5	1
Family size
> 10 members (large)	284	20.4	1.46 (0.94, 2.27)	0.095
≤ 10 members	267	15.0	1
Type of toilet in house
Pit latrine	481	17.3	0.77 (0.41, 1.42)	0.394
Pour flush toilet	70	21.4	1
Source of drinking water
Unsafe source (stream, rain, well,..etc)	195	15.9	0.82 (0.51, 1.30)	0.391
Safe source (pipe)	356	18.8	1
Source of household water
Unsafe source (stream, rain, well,..etc)	203	16.7	0.89 (0.57, 1.41)	0.627
Safe source (pipe)	348	18.4	1
Water proximity
Near (≤ 250 meters)	380	16.6	0.77 (0.49, 1.22)	0.269
Far (> 250 meters)	171	20.5	1
Water contact
Yes	257	18.7	1.04 (0.66, 1.63)	0.877
No	248	18.1	1
Presence of domestic animals
Yes	228	18.0	1.02 (0.66, 1.59)	0.919
No	323	17.6	1
Presence of infected family member
Yes	55	38.2	3.36 (1.85, 6.10)	< 0.001^*
No	496	15.5	1
Wearing shoes when go outside
No	142	19.0	1.12 (0.68, 1.83)	0.657
Yes	409	17.4	1
History of schistosomiasis
Yes	214	26.6	2.62 (1.68, 4.09)	< 0.001^*
No	337	12.2	1

NGN, Nigerian Naira; (US$1 = NGN 165). OR, Odds ratio. CI, Confidence interval. * Significant association (P < 0.05).