Table 2. Phylogenetic signal per EBDCS level 2 state categories medicines and the category inflammatory response.

	N	Prevalence	D-statistic		Phylogenetic signal
			Median	Range	p(D < 1)a	strengthb
Abnormalities	12	0.02	0.83	0.48–1.20	ns	weak
Digestive system disorders	26	0.05	0.78	0.51–1.04	ns	weak
Genitourinary system disorders	9	0.02	0.35	−0.06–0.87	*	moderate
Infections/infestations	21	0.04	0.82	0.50–1.15	ns	weak
Inflammation	11	0.02	0.54	0.09–1.27	ns	weak
Injuries	16	0.03	0.88	0.52–1.25	ns	weak
Pain	15	0.03	0.78	0.43–1.19	ns	weak
Respiratory system disorders	10	0.02	0.89	0.39–1.38	ns	weak
Skin-/subcutaneous cellular tissue disorders	27	0.05	0.73	0.50–0.95	ns	weak
Unspecified medicinal disorders	27	0.05	0.65	0.43–0.88	*	weak
Inflammatory response	44	0.08	0.88	0.68–1.03	ns	weak
No inflammatory response	12	0.02	0.85	0.49–1.29	ns	weak
Unknown	23	0.04	1.05	0.77–1.37	ns	weak

Phylogenetic signal (D-statistic) on a randomly selected subset of 1,000 Bayesian trees within the 95% credible set of uses of Euphorbia³¹ classified into level 2 state categories of medicines according to the Economic Botany Data Collection Standard (EBDCS) and the category inflammatory response. EBDCS categories genitourinary system disorders and unspecified medicinal disorders show phylogenetic signal (in bold), while the EBDCS category inflammation and the category inflammatory response don’t. N: Number of species.

^a* 95% p < 0.05; *** all p < 0.005.

^bweak: <90% p(D > 0) > 0.05; moderate: 90% p(D > 0) > 0.05; strong: 95% p(D > 0) > 0.05; very strong: all p(D > 0) > 0.05.