Table 2.
Content of total phenolics (TPCs; mg GAE/g DW), total flavonoids (TFCs; mg CE/g DW), and total anthocyanins (ACs; mg Pel-glc/g DW), and antioxidant capacity (in mg TE/g DW), determined by FRAP, DPPH and TEAC in flesh (F) and achenes (A) extracts before (non-digested) and after gastric (gastric Fraction) and total digestion (intestinal fraction). All analyses were performed in triplicate. Data represent the mean ± Standard error (SE). Post hoc comparisons were done by Tukey’s test. (*) and (ns) indicate significant (p < 0.05) and non-significant differences, respectively.
| Non-Digested | Gastric Fraction | Intestinal Fraction | Ee 1 | R (%) 2 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Flesh | Achene | Flesh | Achene | Flesh | Achene | Flesh | Achene | Flesh | Achene | |
| TPC | 37.68 ± 0.95 | 382.87 ± 4.69 * | 255.02 ± 4.40 | 600.34 ± 33.51 * | 41.17 ± 0.61 | 16.55 ± 0.39 * | 6.8 | 1.6 | 16.1 | 2.8 |
| TFC | 22.04 ± 0.49 | 93.92 ± 4.70 * | 135.32 ± 4.08 | 133.66 ± 9.13 ns | 14.40 ± 0.13 | 7.68 ± 1.60 ns | 6.1 | 1.4 | 10.6 | 5.7 |
| AC | 5.4 ± 0.78 | 6.97 ± 0.79 ns | 41.58 ± 5.37 | 17.59 ± 2.42* | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 ns | 7.7 | 2.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| FRAP | 149.40 ± 18.69 | 2474.22 ± 38.92 * | 1254.45 ± 46.66 | 4522.91 ± 223.18 * | 101.31 ± 1.87 | 75.25 ± 1.95 * | 8.4 | 1.8 | 8.1 | 1.7 |
| DPPH | 100.54 ± 4.49 | 1192.21 ± 62.09 * | 119.25 ± 14.30 | 3931.60 ± 771.70 * | 90.04 ± 4.58 | 32.85 ± 2.15 * | 1.2 | 3.3 | 75.5 | 0.8 |
| TEAC | 20.13 ± 7.64 | 1286.39 ± 110.39 * | 2174.79 ± 46.74 | 2100.68 ± 298.81 ns | 286.82 ± 2.79 | 86.57 ± 4.69 * | 108.0 | 1.6 | 13.2 | 4.1 |
1 Ee: Extraction efficiency of gastric conditions (gastric fraction vs. non-digested extracts); 2 R (%): % recovery of compounds from gastric to intestinal fraction.