AF	Atrial fibrillation
AS	Aortic stenosis
AVIC	Aortic valve interstitial cells
AVR	Aortic valve replacement
BAV	Bicuspid aortic valve
BMP-2	Bone morphogenetic protein-2
BNP	B-type natriuretic peptide
CAD	Coronary artery disease
CCL4	Chemokine (C–C motif) ligand 4
HNCM	Hypertrophic non-obstructive cardiomyopathy
HOCM	Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy
LV	Left ventricle
LVH	Left ventricular hypertrophy
MMVD	Myxomatous mitral valve degeneration
SMAD2/3	Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog (SMAD) family member 2/3
p-SMAD2/3	Phosphorylated-SMAD2/3
TAC	Transverse aortic constriction
TAV	Tricuspid aortic valve
TAVI	Transcatheter aortic valve implantation
TGF-β	Transforming growth factor-β
VEC	Valve endothelial cells