Table 3.
Risk of insomnia by exposure to childhood adversity
| Childhood Adversity | Prevalence (%) | Prevalence Ratio (CI) | FDR p-value* |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exposure to any type | 5693 (59.41) | 1.93 (1.68, 2.21)* | 4.20E-19 |
| Interpersonal violence | |||
| Parent violence | 159 (1.66) | 1.51 (1.05, 2.14)* | 3.10E-02 |
| Other violence | 460 (4.80) | 1.63 (1.27, 2.11)* | 2.19E-04 |
| Rape | 250 (2.61) | 1.90 (1.57, 2.30)* | 1.82E-10 |
| Kidnapped | 58 (0.61) | 0.87 (0.51, 1.48) | 6.02E-01 |
| Other sexual assault | 331 (3.45) | 1.89 (1.53, 2.32)* | 5.63E-09 |
| Any of above | 1000 (10.44) | 1.80 (1.52, 2.14)* | 5.19E-11 |
| Accidents and injuries | |||
| Car accident | 741 (7.73) | 1.35 (1.09, 1.67)* | 8.40E-03 |
| Disaster | 1088 (11.35) | 1.31 (1.08, 1.60)* | 8.40E-03 |
| Illness | 606 (6.32) | 1.42 (1.19, 1.69)* | 1.33E-04 |
| Chemical | 236 (2.46) | 1.65 (1.31, 2.07)* | 3.60E-05 |
| Other accident | 731 (7.63) | 1.56 (1.33, 1.83)* | 9.72E-08 |
| Any of above | 2727 (28.46) | 1.59 (1.40, 1.81)* | 2.49E-12 |
| Social network or witness events | |||
| Witness fights at home | 705 (7.36) | 1.53 (1.20, 1.95)* | 7.74E-04 |
| Witness death | 1178 (12.29) | 1.49 (1.30, 1.69)* | 8.08E-09 |
| Other person died unexpectedly | 2841 (29.65) | 1.46 (1.28, 1.67)* | 4.99E-08 |
| Other person unexpected threat | 868 (9.06) | 1.59 (1.40, 1.81)* | 6.84E-12 |
| War terror | 214 (2.23) | 1.11 (0.78, 1.58) | 6.02E-01 |
| Refugee | 45 (0.47) | 0.80 (0.36, 1.77) | 6.02E-01 |
| Any of above | 3735 (38.98) | 1.65 (1.45, 1.87)* | 2.73E-13 |
| Other events | |||
| Other trauma | 268 (2.80) | 1.40 (1.11, 1.75)* | 4.96E-03 |
| Non-disclosed event | 490 (5.11) | 1.83 (1.56, 2.14)* | 5.69E-13 |
| Any of above | 726 (7.58) | 1.67 (1.44, 1.94)* | 7.66E-11 |
Cell entries are the prevalence of each childhood adversity and results of the generalized estimating equations (GEE) models examining the risk of insomnia for each exposure to childhood adversity, after adjusting for covariates. The prevalence column lists the number and in parentheses, the percent. The prevalence ratio column lists the prevalence ratio and in parentheses, the 95% confidence interval. A false discovery rate (FDR) correction was applied to adjust our alpha level for the multiple testing of 19 different exposures (including exposure to any adversity). Statistical significance after imposing the FDR correction is denoted with an asterisk. P-values are expressed in scientific notation (e.g., p=3.05E-02 = p=0.0305).