Figure 3. Fibril orientation in wet-spun filaments and its effect on mechanical performance.

(a) Azimuthal integration of X-ray diffractograms (diffractogram shown for CNF 2% filament in the inset) at a scattering vector of 15.8 nm⁻¹. (b) Filament tensile strength and Young’s modulus as a function of the degree of orientation. Error bars correspond to the standard deviation among the tested specimens.