Table 3.

Stepwise logistic regression for failure to attain HbA1c target(<7.0%)^* in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes (n = 2272)

	Model I		Model II		Model III
	OR(95%CI)	P	OR(95%CI)	P	OR(95%CI)	P
PHQ‐9 score ≥10	1.56 (1.06–2.30)	0.023	1.56 (1.05–2.32)	0.028	1.48 (0.99–2.21)	0.058
Demographic characteristics
Age, years	0.96 (0.95–0.97)	<0.001	0.96 (0.95–0.97)	<0.001	0.96 (0.95–0.97)	<0.001
Men	0.87 (0.71–1.06)	0.165	0.85 (0.69–1.05)	0.123	0.84 (0.68–1.04)	0.104
Duration of diabetes, years	1.09 (1.08–1.11)	<0.001	1.09 (1.07–1.11)	<0.001	1.09 (1.07–1.11)	<0.001
Current smoker	1.65 (1.26–2.15)	<0.001	1.59 (1.21–2.09)	0.001	1.53 (1.16–2.02)	0.003
Low education (<6 years)	1.75 (1.33–2.31)	<0.001	1.64 (1.24–2.18)	0.001	1.58 (1.19–2.11)	0.002
Clinical characteristics †
Body mass index, kg/m2			1.10 (1.07–1.13)	<0.001	1.10 (1.07–1.13)	<0.001
Coronary heart disease			1.17 (0.83–1.66)	0.370	1.16 (0.82–1.64)	0.411
Sensory neuropathy			1.22 (0.92–1.63)	0.169	1.21 (0.91–1.61)	0.196
Use of insulin			2.72 (2.17–3.41)	<0.001	2.79 (2.22–3.50)	<0.001
Self‐care and medication adherence
SDSCA general diet					0.95 (0.91–0.99)	0.007
SDSCA exercise					1.01 (0.97–1.05)	0.679
Medication adherence score ‡					0.90 (0.82–1.00)	0.043

PHQ‐9, Patient Health Questionnaire‐9; SDSCA, Summary of Diabetes Self‐care Activities, score ranges from 0 to 7, with higher score indicating better adherence to recommended self‐care regimen.

*HbA1c ≥7.0% was used as the reference dependent outcome. Clinical characteristics and self‐care behaviors significant at P < 0.1 level were sequentially entered into the model. All models were adjusted for study sites.

^†Waist circumference was not adjusted for due to collinearity with body mass index.

^‡Medication adherence score (range: 0–4) was used as a continuous variable in the model. Higher score indicates better medication adherence.