Table 4. Results of multivariate analyses to determine smartphone tapper parameters discriminating idiopathic Parkinson’s disease from controls.
Parameters | laterality | Estimate | SE | p value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. of correct taps | Mean | Average | -0.15 | 0.03 | <0.0001 |
Better | -0.13 | 0.03 | <0.0001 | ||
Worse | -0.13 | 0.03 | <0.0001 | ||
Variance in 3 trials | Better | -0.01 | 0.01 | 0.3100 | |
Worse | -0.06 | 0.02 | 0.0113 | ||
Asymmetry index | mean | -0.68 | 2.77 | 0.8044 | |
No. of tap errors | total number | Both | -0.06 | 0.03 | 0.0672 |
Better | -0.05 | 0.05 | 0.3383 | ||
Worse | -0.08 | 0.06 | 0.1779 | ||
Variance in 3 trials | Both | -0.08 | 0.06 | 0.2152 | |
Better | -0.05 | 0.05 | 0.3383 | ||
Worse | -0.03 | 0.07 | 0.6570 | ||
Total distance of finger movement, mean | Average | 0.00 | 0.00 | <0.0001 | |
Better | 0.00 | 0.00 | <0.0001 | ||
Worse | 0.00 | 0.00 | <0.0001 | ||
Asymmetry index | -5.71 | 2.94 | 0.5216 | ||
Inter-tap distance of correct taps, mean | Average | -0.02 | 0.00 | <0.0001 | |
Better | -0.02 | 0.00 | <0.0001 | ||
Worse | -0.02 | 0.00 | <0.0001 | ||
Asymmetry index | -5.97 | 2.92 | 0.0412 | ||
Inter-tap distance of tap errors, mean | Better | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.0059 | |
Worse | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.2504 | ||
Dwelling time of correct taps, mean | Average | 24.31 | 5.71 | <0.0001 | |
Better | 24.65 | 5.68 | <0.0001 | ||
Worse | 19.21 | 4.74 | 0.0001 | ||
Asymmetry index | 6.10 | 3.29 | 0.0637 | ||
Dwelling time of tap errors, mean | Better | 17.84 | 4.62 | 0.0001 | |
Worse | 6.07 | 2.80 | 0.0304 |
Average, average of both hands; Better, the better hand; Worse, the worse hand; Both, sum of both hands