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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Toxicol Pathol. 2016 May 26;44(6):892–903. doi: 10.1177/0192623316650050

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Frequency of retinal degeneration in F344/N rats treated with kava kava extract (A, B), acrylamide (C, D) and leucomalachite green (E) for two years. In control animals, 50–86% of retinal degeneration occurred in the central or hemispherical retina, the typical site for light-induced retinal degeneration. Diffuse retinal degeneration, more likely due to a direct chemical effect, was proportionally less frequent and the preponderance of central/hemispherical retinal degeneration suggested that these findings were treatment-related exacerbation of light-induced retinal degeneration. The total number of F344/N rats with retinal degeneration in each group are indicated in tables 1, 3, and 5 for kava kava extract, acrylamide and leucomalachite green, respectively.