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. 2016 Jul 29;7:219. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00219

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Copyright © 2016 Hoffmann, Herbrechter, Ziemba, Lepke, Beltrán, Hatt, Werner and Gisselmann.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Concentration-inhibition curves of select plant ingredients for the 5-HT_3A(A) and GABA_A(B) receptor, as well as the original registrations of leonurine for the 5-HT_3A receptor (C) and the 5-HT concentration-effect curve in the presence of leonurine (D). (A,B) The agonist concentrations used in the experiment were 5 μM (5-HT) or 3 μM (GABA). Error bars represent the SEM (A: n = 5–7, B: n = 4–7). Andrographolide acts as a partial antagonist of the GABA_A receptor. (C) Overlayed 5-HT_3A receptor responses, modulated by different concentrations of leonurine (0.1–10 μM) are shown. (D) The concentration-effect curve of 5-HT at the 5-HT_3A receptor in the presence of leonurine (30 μM) is shown. The determined EC₅₀ value was found to be 14.8 μM 5-HT (n = 4).

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