Table 1.
Investigated ingredients and their respective plants.
| Substance | Kampo remedy | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| 4-hydroxybenzaldehyd | Lonicera japonica (caulis) | Wang et al., 2013 |
| andrographolide | Andrographis paniculata (herba) | Song et al., 2013 |
| Atractylenolid III | Atractylodes lancea (rhizoma) | Shao et al., 2014 |
| Atractylodis macrocephala (rhizoma) | ||
| Berberine | Coptis chinensis (radix) | Lin et al., 2004 |
| Boldine | Lindera aggregata (radix) | Han et al., 2008 |
| Chlorogenic acid | Inula helenium (radix) | Eberhard, 2003; |
| Lonicera japonica (caulis) | Wang et al., 2014 | |
| Caffeic acid | Inula helenium (radix) | Wang et al., 2014 |
| Hesperetin | Citrus × aurantium (fructus) | Zhao et al., 2015 |
| Citrus trifoliata (fructus) | ||
| Citrus reticulata (pericarpium, vir.) | ||
| Citrus reticulata (pericarpium) | ||
| Kaempferol | Houttuynia cordata (herba) | Lin et al., 2013 |
| Leonurine | Leonurus japonicus (herba) | Chen and Kwan, 2001 |
| Linderane | Lindera aggregata (radix) | Li et al., 2002 |
| Liquiritigenin | Glycyrrhiza uralensis (radix) | Rauchensteiner et al., 2005; Kondo et al., 2007 |
| Rosmarinic acid | Salvia miltiorrhiza (radix) | Adams et al., 2006; Huang et al., 2008 |
| Rutin | Citrus × aurantium (fructus) | Hunyadi et al., 2012; Zhao et al., 2015 |
| Citrus trifoliata (fructus) | ||
| Citrus reticulata (pericarpium, vir.) | ||
| Citrus reticulata (pericarpium) | ||
| Morus alba (folia) | ||
| Schizandrin B | Schisandra chinensis (fructus) | Pan et al., 2008 |
| Schizandrin | Schisandra chinensis (fructus) | Panossian and Wikman, 2010 |
| Tannic acid | Syzygium aromaticum (flos) | Bhowmik et al., 2012 |