Figure 10. Irf3^–/– mice show increased browning of white fat.

Male WT and Irf3^–/– mice (n = 7–8 mice per group) were placed on HFD for 16 weeks. (A and B) Oxygen consumption (VO₂) (A) and carbon dioxide production (VCO₂) (B) at day and night cycle were determined by CLAMS. (C) Histology showing H&E and UCP1 immunostaining in iWAT of WT and Irf3^–/– mice on HFD (original magnification, ×10). (D) Expression of thermogenic and β-oxidation genes in iWAT of WT and Irf3^–/– mice on HFD. (E) Oxygen consumption rate (OCR) in iWAT and BAT of WT and Irf3^–/– mice on chow diet. n = 4 per genotype. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. For all data, *P < 0.05.