Figure 2. PKCδ inhibition transiently attenuated chronic pain in TOW mice.

Mechanical (A) and thermal (B) sensitivities before (0) and after the injection of δV1-1 (3 nmole, i.t.). *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001 vs. 0; ^###P<0.001 vs. hβ^A/hβ^A. n = 8/group. (C) TOW mice spent significantly more time in δV1-1– than saline-paired chambers, whereas hβ^A/hβ^A mice spent similar amounts of time in both chambers. (D) Difference scores confirmed the presence of chamber preference to δV1-1 in TOW but not hβ^A/hβ^A mice. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01. n = 8/group. (E) In TOW mice, plasma membrane translocation of PKCδ (indicated by dashed arrows across representative cells and corresponding fluorescent intensity plots) was abolished 30 minutes after δV1-1 injection. Red, PKCδ; green, NeuN. Scale bars: 20 μm. n = 15 slices from 3 mice. Data were analyzed by ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s t test. Two-way ANOVA (pairing vs. treatment) and post hoc Bonferroni’s test were used to analyze CPP data. Difference scores were analyzed by 2-tailed paired t test.