Table 1.
Demographic data, disease characteristics, and therapeutic interventions for neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH)a
| Characteristic | Hospitalization outcome | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Survival (n = 25) | Death (n = 19) | ||
| Prenatal diagnosis of CDH | 9 (36) | 9 (47) | 0.54 |
| Male sex | 16 (64) | 11 (58) | 0.76 |
| Gestational age, wk | 38.6 ± 2.2 | 37.8 ± 3.4 | 0.30 |
| Birth weight, kg | 3.15 ± 0.67 | 2.92 ± 0.73 | 0.29 |
| Small for gestational age | 2 (8) | 1 (5) | |
| Apgar score 1 min | 6.1 ± 2.6 | 4.3 ± 2.5 | 0.02 |
| Apgar score 5 min | 6.4 ± 2.5 | 4.7 ± 1.9 | 0.02 |
| CDH type | |||
| Left | 23 (92) | 13 (68) | 0.07 |
| Right | 2 (8) | 5 (26) | |
| Bilateral | 0 (0) | 1 (5) | |
| Liver-up | 8 (32) | 16 (84) | <0.001 |
| Probability of survival score, % | 64 ± 27 | 45 ± 19 | 0.01 |
| High (67 %-100 %) | 13 (52) | 3 (16) | |
| Moderate (34 %-66 %) | 9 (36) | 11 (58) | |
| Low (0 %-33 %) | 3 (12) | 5 (26) | |
| Pulmonary hypertensionb | 13 (52) | 18 (95) | 0.003 |
| Diaphragmatic agenesis | 0 (0) | 4 (21) | 0.03 |
| Peritoneal sac present | 4 (16) | 0 (0) | 0.12 |
| Inhaled nitric oxide | 11 (44) | 19 (100) | <0.001 |
| Surfactant administration | 4 (16) | 12 (63) | 0.002 |
| Vasoactive support | 24 (96) | 19 (100) | >0.99 |
| Surgical repairc | |||
| Primary closure | 23 (92) | 3 (43) | 0.01 |
| Patch repair | 2 (8) | 3 (43) | |
| Muscle flap repair | 0 (0) | 1 (14) | |
aContinuous data are presented as mean ± SD; categorical data as number of patients (percentage of sample); bDiagnosed with Doppler echocardiography; cTwelve patients died before surgery; 7 died after surgical repair