Table 2.

Follow-up of different AS protocols

Protocol	DRE	PSA	Biopsy	Imaging Techniques
Tosoian et al. (15)	6 months	6 months	Annual
Klotz et al. (16)	3 months (2 years) 6 months if PSA stable	3 months (2 years) 6 months if stable	Confirmation: 6–12 months Repetition: 2 years (to age 80 years)	MRI optional
Bul et al. (17)	3 months (2 years) 6 months (after)		1, 4, and 7 years If PSADT=3–10, repeat biopsy
Dall'Era et al. (18)	3 months	3 months	1–2 years (since 2003)	TRUS 6–12 months
Berglund et al. (19)			Confirmation: 3 months Repetition: annual	MRI prior to confirmation biopsy
Soloway et al. (21)	3 months (2 years) 6 months if PSA stable	3 months (2 years) 6 months if stable	Confirmation: 9–12 months Repetition: annual
Carter et al. (55)	6 months	6 months	Annual

Abbreviations: DRE = digital rectal exam, PSA = prostate-specific antigen, PSADT = prostate-specific antigen doubling time, TRUS = transrectal ultrasonography, MRI = magnetic resonance imaging