Table 2.
The prevalence of newborn with congenital malformations by HDI quartiles per 1000 livebirths
| HDI | Country | Hospitals | Live births | Neur.tube/CNS defects | Cardiac defects | Renal defects | Limb defects | Lip/cleft/palate defects | Chromosomal syndrome | Total congenital defects | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Very High | Argentina | 14 | 9 851 | 14 | 1.4 | 25 | 2.5 | 8 | 0.8 | 10 | 1.0 | 5 | 0.5 | 14 | 1.4 | 76 | 7.7 |
| Japan | 10 | 3 566 | 2 | 0.6 | 35 | 9.8 | 2 | 0.6 | 5 | 1.4 | 8 | 2.2 | 7 | 2.0 | 59 | 16.5 | |
| Qatar | 1 | 4 000 | 4 | 1.0 | 13 | 3.3 | 9 | 2.2 | 2 | 0.5 | 2 | 0.5 | 4 | 1.0 | 34 | 8.5 | |
| Total | 25 | 17 417 | 20 | 1.1 | 73 | 4.2 | 10 | 1.1 | 17 | 1.0 | 15 | 0.9 | 25 | 1.4 | 169 | 9.7 | |
| High | Brazil | 7 | 7 093 | 6 | 0.8 | 5 | 0.7 | 3 | 0.4 | 6 | 0.8 | 7 | 1.0 | 6 | 0.8 | 33 | 4.6 |
| Ecuador | 18 | 10 124 | 2 | 0.2 | 14 | 1.4 | 2 | 0.2 | 4 | 0.4 | 3 | 0.3 | 8 | 0.8 | 31 | 3.1 | |
| Lebanon | 9 | 4 118 | 9 | 2.2 | 21 | 5.1 | 3 | 0.7 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.2 | 3 | 0.7 | 37 | 9.0 | |
| Mexico | 14 | 13 312 | 31 | 2.3 | 39 | 2.9 | 18 | 1.3 | 33 | 2.5 | 12 | 0.9 | 13 | 1.0 | 146 | 11.0 | |
| Peru | 16 | 15 203 | 28 | 1.8 | 126 | 8.3 | 14 | 0.9 | 31 | 2.0 | 22 | 1.4 | 40 | 2.6 | 277 | 18.2 | |
| Sri Lanka | 14 | 18 162 | 22 | 1.2 | 88 | 4.8 | 10 | 0.6 | 75 | 4.1 | 32 | 1.8 | 24 | 1.3 | 251 | 13.8 | |
| Total | 78 | 68 012 | 98 | 1.1 | 293 | 4.3 | 50 | 0.7 | 149 | 2.2 | 77 | 1.1 | 94 | 1.4 | 775 | 11.4 | |
| Medium | India | 21 | 30 399 | 34 | 1.1 | 14 | 0.5 | 19 | 0.6 | 29 | 0.9 | 11 | 0.4 | 7 | 0.2 | 114 | 3.7 |
| Jordan | 1 | 1 197 | 3 | 2.5 | 7 | 5.8 | 3 | 2.5 | 2 | 1.7 | 6 | 5.0 | 3 | 2.5 | 24 | 20.0 | |
| Cambodia | 5 | 4 691 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0.4 | 2 | 0.4 | 1 | 0.2 | 7 | 1.5 | |
| China | 21 | 13 395 | 3 | 0.2 | 22 | 1.6 | 2 | 0.1 | 23 | 1.7 | 14 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 | 64 | 4.8 | |
| Mongolia | 5 | 7 385 | 1 | 0.1 | 6 | 0.8 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0.7 | 2 | 0.3 | 2 | 0.3 | 16 | 2.2 | |
| Nicaragua | 8 | 6 488 | 11 | 1.7 | 6 | 0.9 | 3 | 0.5 | 12 | 1.8 | 8 | 1.2 | 7 | 1.1 | 47 | 7.2 | |
| OPT | 1 | 975 | 10 | 10.2 | 24 | 24.6 | 11 | 11.3 | 8 | 8.2 | 1 | 1.0 | 3 | 3.1 | 57 | 58.5 | |
| Paraguay | 6 | 3 626 | 2 | 0.6 | 4 | 1.1 | 2 | 0.6 | 1 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.3 | 10 | 2.7 | |
| Philippines | 16 | 10 711 | 9 | 0.8 | 1 | 0.1 | 1 | 0.1 | 6 | 0.6 | 9 | 0.8 | 1 | 0.1 | 27 | 2.5 | |
| Thailand | 12 | 8 976 | 13 | 1.5 | 17 | 1.9 | 5 | 0.6 | 5 | 0.6 | 17 | 1.9 | 7 | 0.8 | 64 | 7.1 | |
| Viet Nam | 15 | 15 557 | 3 | 0.2 | 5 | 0.3 | 2 | 0.1 | 3 | 0.2 | 2 | 0.1 | 2 | 0.1 | 17 | 1.1 | |
| Total | 111 | 103 400 | 89 | 1.0 | 108 | 1.0 | 48 | 0.5 | 96 | 0.9 | 72 | 0.7 | 34 | 0.3 | 447 | 4.3 | |
| Low | Afghanistan | 8 | 24 478 | 25 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0.1 | 5 | 0.2 | 4 | 0.2 | 2 | 0.1 | 38 | 1.5 |
| Angola | 20 | 10 072 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.1 | 1 | 0.1 | 1 | 0.1 | 4 | 0.4 | |
| DR Congo | 21 | 8 525 | 5 | 0.6 | 1 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0.7 | 2 | 0.2 | 1 | 0.1 | 15 | 1.7 | |
| Kenya | 20 | 20 057 | 30 | 1.5 | 6 | 0.3 | 2 | 0.1 | 55 | 2.7 | 18 | 0.9 | 11 | 0.5 | 122 | 6.1 | |
| Nepal | 8 | 11 117 | 8 | 0.7 | 3 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0.2 | 4 | 0.4 | 1 | 0.1 | 18 | 1.6 | |
| Niger | 11 | 10 714 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0.2 | |
| Nigeria | 21 | 12 094 | 8 | 0.7 | 2 | 0.2 | 2 | 0.2 | 4 | 0.3 | 4 | 0.3 | 1 | 0.1 | 21 | 1.7 | |
| Pakistan | 16 | 12 889 | 38 | 2.9 | 7 | 0.5 | 13 | 1.0 | 20 | 1.6 | 13 | 1.0 | 4 | 0.3 | 95 | 7.4 | |
| Uganda | 20 | 10 626 | 1 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0.9 | 2 | 0.2 | 1 | 0.1 | 14 | 1.3 | |
| Total | 145 | 121 572 | 115 | 1.2 | 20 | 0.2 | 19 | 0.2 | 105 | 0.9 | 48 | 0.4 | 22 | 0.2 | 329 | 2.7 | |
| Overall Countries | 359 | 310 401 | 322 | 1.0 | 494 | 1.6 | 136 | 0.4 | 367 | 1.2 | 212 | 0.7 | 175 | 0.6 | 1 706 | 5.5 | |