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. 2016 Jul 29;16:168. doi: 10.1186/s12870-016-0857-6

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© The Author(s). 2016

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 3 — Maps showing integration of the pLSm^˄GUS vector to form the iDR intermediate and resolution to the edited marker-free cp genome. Pathway A: desirable cross-over events in shaded regions 1 and 3 between the vector pLSm˄GUS and WT chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) integrate the iDRs which are resolved to the edited genome following iDR recombination. Integration into ΔrbcL cpDNA (top) is by pathway A only. Pathway B: undesirable cross-over events in regions 1 and 2 lead to integration of aadA alone and create perfect direct repeats (DR) which recombine to restore the WT cp genome. Shown are gene locations, Hind III sites (H) and fragment sizes, targeting arm sizes and locations of PCR products. Genes transcribed left to right are placed above genes transcribed right to left