Table 1.
Maternal and child characteristics in four birth cohort studies in Pelotas
| Variables | Pelotas 1982 n (%) | Pelotas 1993 n (%) | Pelotas 2004 n (%) | Pelotas 2011 n (%) | p (X 2) | p (X 2) trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Birthweight | ||||||
| ≥2500 g | 5333 (91.8) | 4683 (90.9) | 3772 (91.0) | 5457 (89.1) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| <2500 g | 478 (8.2) | 468 (9.1) | 372 (9.0) | 666 (10.9) | ||
| Small for the Gestational Age | ||||||
| No | 3931 (85.6) | 3861 (84.1) | 3320 (88.6) | 5560 (90.8) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Yes | 659 (14.4) | 729 (15.9) | 450 (11.9) | 563 (9.2) | ||
| Ethnic origin | ||||||
| White | 4773 (82.1) | 3996 (77.4) | 3030 (73.1) | 4132 (67.5)a | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Black/mixed | 1040 (17.9) | 1170 (22.6) | 1117 (26.9) | 1986 (32.5)a | ||
| Family income (quintiles) | ||||||
| 1st (poorest) | 1159 (19.8) | 1037 (20.1) | 846 (20.4) | 1198 (19.6) | 0.016 | 0.18 |
| 2nd | 1166 (20.1) | 1161 (22.5) | 841 (20.2) | 1349 (22.0) | ||
| 3rd | 1166 (20.1) | 922(17.8) | 802 (19.4) | 1224 (20.0) | ||
| 4th | 1162 (20.0) | 1029 (19.9) | 846 (20.4) | 1215 (19.8) | ||
| 5th (better off) | 1163 (20.0) | 1019 (19.7) | 812 (19.6) | 1138 (18.6) | ||
| Maternal schooling (y) | ||||||
| 0–4 | 1922 (33.1) | 1441(27.9) | 639 (15.6) | 514 (8.4) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| 5–8 | 2425 (41.7) | 2392 (46.3) | 1691(41.1) | 2316 (37.8) | ||
| 9–11 | 646 (11.1) | 911 (17.7) | 1362 (33.2) | 2149 (35.1) | ||
| ≥12 | 816 (14.1) | 417 (8.1) | 414 (10.1) | 1144 (18.7) | ||
| Age (y) | ||||||
| <20 | 908 (15.6) | 910 (17.6) | 792 (19.1) | 1065 (17.4) | <0.001 | 0.09 |
| 20–34 | 4339 (74.6) | 3692 (71.5) | 2800(67.6) | 4243 (69.3) | ||
| ≥35 | 568 (9.8) | 565 (10.9) | 553(13.3) | 816 (13.3) | ||
| Marital status | ||||||
| With partner | 5336 (91.8) | 4528 (87.7) | 3468 (83.6) | 5297 (86.5) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Single mother | 475 (8.2) | 640 (12.4) | 679 (16.4) | 827 (13.5) |
aSelf-reported variable; y = years; X 2 = qui-square