. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jun 1.

Published in final edited form as: Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2016 Jan 29;12(5):1057–1064. doi: 10.1016/j.soard.2016.01.023

Table 1.

Sample Characteristics

	Pre-Operative	12-Months
Age, mean (SD)	43.22 (10.50)	–
Gender, % female	83.3	–
Race, % Caucasian	93.6	–
Type 2 diabetes mellitus, % present	37.2	17.6 (n =74)
Hypertension, % present	41.0	40.5 (n = 74)
Sleep apnea, % present	37.1	17.8 (n = 73)
Body mass index, mean (SD) kg/m²	46.69 (5.29)	30.66 (5.39)
Total cholesterol, mean (SD) mg/dl	177.4 (38.43)	157.9 (26.53)
HDL, mean (SD) mg/dl	41.74 (9.11)	57.4 (12.26)
LDL, mean (SD) mg/dl	104.47 (33.31)	82.60(23.00)
Glucose, mean (SD) mg/dl	107.60 (28.36)	92.9 (18.22)
Insulin, mean (SD)	26.49 (24.02)	7.4 (7.45)
Cystatin C, mean (SD)	0.9 (0.28)	0.8 (0.34)

Note. Mean (SD) BMI at 18 = 28.39 (6.48); sample size for medical comorbidities is reduced due to missing data.