Table 2.

Comparison of shoulder ROM and grip at preoperative and 12 month postoperative visits

Range of motion (in degrees)		Pre-operative	12 months post-operative	Difference in means (95% CI)	Significance (p-value)
Shoulder abduction (degrees)
Unaffected side	Mean (SD)	150.4 (18.7)	152.3 (18.2)	1.9 (0.1, 3.8)	0.04
Affected side	Mean (SD)	149.5 (20.2)	144.0 (24.2)	−5.5 (−7.8. −3.2)	< 0.001
Shoulder flexion (degrees)
Unaffected side	Mean (SD)	166.7 (9.7)	166.9 (10.0)	0.2 (−0.8, 1.1)	0.74
Affected side	Mean (SD)	166.0 (10.3)	163.9 (11.9)	−2.2 (−3.3, −1.1)	< 0.001
Grip (kilograms)
Unaffected side	Mean (SD)	23.8 (5.7)	24.3 (5.6)	0.5 (0.2, 0.9)	0.003
Affected side	Mean (SD)	23.6 (5.5)	24.0 (5.9)	0.4 (−0.02, 0.8)	0.06

Affected side – side of breast cancer

Paired t tests were used to evaluated differences in means

ROM: range of motion SD: standard deviation