Table 5.

Significant predictors for each outcome

Characteristics	Shoulder abduction ROM	Shoulder flexion ROM	Grip Strength	Breast Pain Function Interference
Demographic
Age			I	I
Lived alone at enrollment	S	S
Years of education		I
Ethnicity (non-white)	I			I, S
Clinical
Exercised regularly prior to surgery		I
Self-administered comorbidity questionnaire score				I
Karnofsky Performance Scale score			I	I
Stage of disease at time of diagnosis				I
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy	I	I
Type of surgery (mastectomy, BCS)	I, S	S		S
Axillary lymph node dissection	I, S	I
Breast reconstruction at time of surgery				I
Breast re-excision during the year after surgery				S
Surgical drain placed		I, S		S
Adjuvant chemotherapy in first year	S	S	S
Shoulder abduction ROM (affected) at enrollment	I
Shoulder flexion ROM (affected) at enrollment		I
Grip strength (affected) at enrollment			I
Breast pain functional interference score at enrollment		I		I

BCS: breast conserving surgery; I: intercept; ROM: range of motion; S: slope