Table 1.
Major myelin lipids
| Lipid | % total dry weight of myelin | Comments | Reference | Notes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Human | Bovine | Rat | ||||
| Cholesterol | 27.7 | 28.1 | 27.3 |
Rate limiting for CNS myelination Insulator function of myelin |
[173, 174] | |
| Galactolipids | ||||||
| Galactosylceramide (GalC) | 22.7 | 24 | 23.3 |
Role in OLG maturation Role in proper CNS node and paranode formationa Role in electrophysioloigcal properties of myelina Stabilization and maintenance of axoglial adhesion at the paranodea Maintenance of compact myelina Role in myelin integrity and stabilitya |
[60, 65, 175–179] | Mainly C(24:1) |
| Sulfatide | 3.8 | 3.6 | 7.1 |
Negative regulator of OLG differentiation Role in sodium channels clustering Role in paranode formation Role in NF155 organization |
[63, 67, 180, 181] | Mainly C(24:1) |
aThe mentioned comment are obtained from CGT knock-out mouse studies, therefore these findings are also relevant for the function of sulfatide