Fig. 4.

A: length of human proximal tubule from birth to 90 yr. Data are shown from measurements of microdissected nephrons from 105 cadavers undergoing routine necropsy, who had suffered acute death. Steady growth from birth to 20 yr is followed by a plateau and a gradual decline after the 3rd to 4th decade. Red box = 20–30 yr of age, peak reproductive years. B: lifetime risk for diagnosis of ESKD from birth to 90 yr, from Grams et al. (68). [Graphic representation of data in A reproduced with permission from Darmady et al. (33) and Wiley.]