Table 2.

Brachial artery ultrasound measurements at baseline and after 4 wk and 8 wk of exercise training

	MICT (n = 9)				HIIT (n = 9)
	Baseline	4 wk	8 wk	Time Effect Within-Group P Value	Baseline	4 wk	8 wk	Time Effect Within-Group P Value	Group × Time Interaction P Value
Preocclusion baseline diameter, mm	3.68 ± 0.58	3.75 ± 0.59	3.86 ± 0.58*	0.02	4.04 ± 0.70	4.08 ± 0.70	4.09 ± 0.70	0.63	0.26
Postocclusion peak diameter, mm	3.90 ± 0.61	3.95 ± 0.55	3.97 ± 0.53	0.48	4.22 ± 0.68	4.36 ± 0.67	4.42 ± 0.70*	<0.01	0.25
Minimum occlusion diameter, mm	3.70 ± 0.56	3.72 ± 0.57	3.75 ± 0.57	0.52	4.00 ± 0.74	4.09 ± 0.74	4.16 ± 0.75	0.06	0.46
Flow-mediated dilation, %	5.99 ± 4.05	5.59 ± 3.84	3.21 ± 3.10	0.10	4.82 ± 2.74	7.29 ± 2.94†	8.62 ± 5.33	0.04	0.01
Flow-mediated dilation (allometrically scaled), %	5.23 ± 2.82	5.02 ± 2.80	3.05 ± 2.76	0.16	5.13 ± 2.80	7.68 ± 2.84	8.98 ± 2.86*	0.02	<0.01
Shear rate area under the curve, s−1 × 103	16.7 ± 5.8	16.0 ± 8.6	17.2 ± 7.4	0.80	16.7 ± 9.1	12.1 ± 6.4†	11.9 ± 5.3	0.02	0.12
Average velocity, cm/s	25.3 ± 6.8	24.4 ± 11.4	26.7 ± 9.4	0.67	26.3 ± 9.4	20.0 ± 6.3†	20.1 ± 6.3	0.03	0.10
Average diameter, mm	3.81 ± 0.63	3.83 ± 0.59	3.87 ± 0.58	0.55	4.11 ± 0.70	4.24 ± 0.71	4.31 ± 0.71*	<0.01	0.21
Time to peak, s	64.8 ± 13.2	68.4 ± 16.2	69.0 ± 20.4	0.90	88.6 ± 56.7	68.7 ± 18.5	69.0 ± 19.5	0.35	0.37
Low flow-mediated constriction, %	0.63 ± 2.00	−0.74 ± 2.11	−2.79 ± 3.20*	0.03	−1.04 ± 4.09	0.29 ± 3.96	1.74 ± 3.46	0.29	0.02
Composite end point of vessel reactivity, %	5.37 ± 2.66	6.32 ± 3.69	6.00 ± 4.15	0.44	5.85 ± 4.40	7.01 ± 4.20	6.88 ± 3.99	0.53	0.97

Values are means ± SD. There were no significant differences between groups for any variable at baseline.

^*Post hoc results, significantly different from baseline, P < 0.05.

^†Post hoc results, significantly different from baseline, 0.05 ≤ P < 0.10.