TABLE 3.
Association of a vegetarian dietary pattern with overweight/obesity, central obesity, diabetes, hypertension, high triglycerides, high high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and high cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk score among adults (20–69 years) participating in CARRS (South Asia; n=15,665) and NHANES (US; n=2159) †
| South Asia | US | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted | Adjusted ‡ | Unadjusted | Adjusted ‡ | |
| Overweight/obesity § | 0.98 (0.79, 1.20) |
0.83 (0.72, 0.96) |
0.38 (0.19, 0.77) |
0.41 (0.21, 0.81) |
| Central obesity ║ |
1.22 (1.03, 1.45) |
0.95 (0.81, 1.11) |
0.40 (0.18, 0.90) |
0.41 (0.17, 0.99) |
| Diabetes ¶ |
1.57 (1.28, 1.92) |
1.04 (0.86, 1.27) |
0.64 (0.24, 1.68) |
0.75 (0.29, 1.96) |
| Hypertension †† |
1.33 (1.14, 1.55) |
0.93 (0.81, 1.07) |
0.99 (0.50, 1.97) |
1.19 (0.58, 2.44) |
| High triglycerides ‡‡ | 1.04 (0.89, 1.22) |
0.85 (0.71, 1.02) |
0.87 (0.43, 1.77) |
1.09 (0.55, 2.17) |
| High LDL §§ | 0.88 (0.77, 1.00) |
0.80 (0.71, 0.90) |
0.85 (0.42, 1.73) |
0.85 (0.42, 1.70) |
| Low HDL ║║ |
0.78 (0.70, 0.88) |
1.10 (0.98, 1.24) |
0.85 (0.37, 1.96) |
0.90 (0.39, 2.08) |
| High CVD risk score ¶¶ |
1.38 (1.17, 1.63) |
0.92 (0.76, 1.11) |
0.32 (0.15, 0.69) |
0.24 (0.09, 0.64) |
Values presented are Odds Ratios (95% Confidence Intervals) from multivariable logistic regression.
Adjusted for age, sex, education, tobacco, alcohol, and also city in CARRS.
Body mass index ≥25 kg/m2.
Waist-to-height ratio >0.5.
Fasting blood glucose ≥126 mg/dl, glycated hemoglobin A1c ≥6.5%, or medication.
Systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg, or medication.
Triglycerides ≥150 mg/dl or medication.
LDL ≥130 mg/dl.
HDL ≤40 mg/dl in males and ≤50 mg/dl in females.
Framingham Heart Score >10%.