Table 3.

Effects of chronic exposure to α- Fe₂O₃ NPs (A) and γ-Fe₂O₃ NPs (G) on serum biochemical variables (glucose (GLU), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in O. niloticus on the 0, 30^th, 60^th and 90^th days. The mean concentrations denoted with different letters within same exposure period are statistically different (p < 0.05)

	Groups	GLU (U/L)	GOT (U/L)	GPT (U/L)	LDH (U/L)	ALP (U/L)
Initial		52.4 ± 3.5	37.7 ± 2.7	11.8 ± 0.78	252 ± 16	17.9 ± 1.5

Day 30	Control	46.2 ± 1.2^a	34.3 ± 4.3^b	11.1 ± 1.0^a	235 ± 18 ^a	18.4 ± 1.8^ab
	A 0.1	46.9 ± 2.9^a	54.2 ± 5.0^a	11.7 ± 0.38^a	249 ± 21 ^a	17.7 ± 1.3 ^ab
	A 0.5	31.8 ± 2.3 ^ab	46.3 ± 1.8 ^ab	10.7 ± 1.2^a	222 ± 2^a	21.3 ± 0.95 ^a
	A 1.0	35.4 ± 2.3 ^ab	46.1 ± 4.5 ^ab	9.33 ± 0.83^a	212 ± 16 ^a	15.9 ± 1.6 ^ab
	G 0.1	34.8 ± 2.6 ^ab	44.2 ± 4.8 ^ab	9.56 ± 0.93^a	194 ± 8 ^a	16.1 ± 1.3 ^ab
	G 0.5	32.3 ± 6.6 ^ab	41.3 ± 3.5 ^ab	8.32 ± 0.63^a	209 ± 18 ^a	14.3 ± 0.67 ^b
	G 1.0	19.7 ± 3.9 ^b	37.5 ± 3.7 ^ab	9.88 ± 1.4^a	188 ± 22 ^a	16.3 ± 1.3^ab

Day 60	Control	49.5± 5.2 ^a	39.3 ± 3.2 ^b	8.28 ± 0.82^b	185 ± 10 ^b	19.8 ± 1.4 ^a
	A 0.1	43.5 ± 3.4 ^a	45.9 ± 6.2 ^b	8.96 ± 0.91^ab	240 ± 25 ^ab	20.9 ± 2.1 ^a
	A 0.5	51.5 ± 4.4 ^a	43.2 ± 3.8 ^b	12.0 ± 1.3^ab	199 ± 18^b	24.9 ± 1.6 ^a
	A 1.0	45.5 ± 1.6 ^a	51.5 ± 3.0 ^ab	11.6 ± 1.0^ab	195 ± 23^b	26.1 ± 1.5 ^a
	G 0.1	43.5 ± 1.8^a	51.4 ± 5.3 ^ab	12.8 ± 0.87^ab	221 ± 15^b	20.2 ± 1.2 ^a
	G 0.5	46.2 ± 2.0 ^a	68.8 ± 5.4 ^a	13.5 ± 1.4^a	214 ± 21^a	23.7 ± 1.4 ^a
	G 1.0	54.6 ± 6.0 ^a	58.1 ± 3.8 ^ab	9.36 ± 1.4^ab	242 ± 15^ab	25.6 ± 1.5 ^a

Day 90 (Elimination)	Control	42.1 ± 2.8 ^bc	51.2 ± 3.7 ^a	8.33 ± 0.77^a	225 ± 15^a	23.3 ± 1.8 ^a
	A 0.1	51.1 ± 4.5 ^abc	57.7 ± 6.7 ^a	11.4 ± 2.1^a	236 ± 19^a	26.4 ± 1.3 ^a
	A 0.5	56.8 ± 3.4^ab	53.9 ± 4.2 ^a	9.46 ± 1.1^a	279 ± 21^a	22.1 ± 1.8 ^a
	A 1.0	63.3 ± 5.4 ^a	52.1 ± 5.4 ^a	8.96 ± 0.79^a	216 ± 17^a	21.1 ± 2.7 ^a
	G 0.1	40.5 ± 3.6^bc	65.7 ± 5.8 ^a	10.1 ± 1.03^a	259 ± 30^a	24.0 ± 1.7 ^a
	G 0.5	32.3 ± 4.8^c	53.8 ± 3.3 ^a	8.90 ± 0.85^a	232 ± 11^a	22.0 ± 2.0 ^a
	G 1.0	57.8 ± 6.5^ab	57.1 ± 2.5 ^a	8.54 ± 0.28^a	264 ± 5^a	23.0 ± 1.0 ^a