Table 3.
Logistic regression analyses of abdominal symptoms debut at follow-up when compared to baseline for incident gallstones (incident stones and cholecystectomy). Reference included remaining symptom-free, becoming symptom-free, and persisting symptoms throughout the study period.
| Symptom debut in incident gallstone group N (%) | Symptom debut in gallstone-free group N (%) | Unadjusted OR [95% CI]1 | Adjusted OR [95% CI]1,2 | Sensitivity analysis: without cholecystectomy2,3 | Sensitivity analysis: without stone awareness2,4 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abdominal pain with projection | 10 (3.9) | 28 (1.1) | 3.72 [1.79; 7.75] | 3.05 [1.43; 6.49] | 2.53 [1.12; 5.74] | 1.62 [0.61; 4.35] | |
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| Pain localization | Under right rib | 6 (2.3) | 33 (1.3) | 1.86 [0.77; 4.48] | 1.43 [0.58; 3.54] | 0.99 [0.34; 2.90] | 0.76 [0.23; 2.54] |
| Under right rib with projection to back/right shoulder | 3 (1.2) | 5 (0.2) | 6.14 [1.46; 25.8] | 3.94 [0.90; 17.2] | 1.53 [0.17; 13.5] | No events | |
| Epigastrium | 17 (6.6) | 121 (4.7) | 1.45 [0.86; 2.45] | 1.34 [0.78; 2.30] | 1.29 [0.74; 2.23] | 1.15 [0.64; 2.05] | |
| Epigastrium with projection to back/right side | 3 (1.2) | 20 (0.8) | 1.52 [0.45; 5.17] | 1.20 [0.35; 4.18] | 1.23 [0.35; 4.27] | 0.87 [0.20; 3.86] | |
| Whole upper abdomen | 7 (2.7) | 12 (0.5) | 6.04 [2.36; 15.5] | 5.54 [2.02; 15.2] | 5.65 [2.06; 15.5] | 3.24 [0.96; 10.9] | |
| Whole upper abdomen with projection to back | 1 (0.4) | 2 (0.1) | 5.08 [0.46; 56.2] | 3.09 [0.27; 35.5] | 3.18 [0.28; 36.5] | No events | |
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| Pain characteristics | Frequency, weekly/daily | 9 (3.5) | 90 (3.5) | 1.01 [0.50; 2.03] | 0.78 [0.38; 1.59] | 0.80 [0.39; 1.64] | 0.63 [0.29; 1.40] |
| Duration, hours/days | 21 (8.2) | 115 (4.4) | 1.92 [1.19; 3.12] | 1.86 [1.13; 3.07] | 1.71 [1.02; 2.88] | 1.48 [0.85; 2.58] | |
| Intensity, moderate/extreme | 20 (7.8) | 183 (7.1) | 1.12 [0.69; 1.80] | 0.98 [0.60; 1.60] | 0.89 [0.54; 1.49] | 0.83 [0.48; 1.42] | |
| Pain medication, often/every time | 7 (2.7) | 44 (1.7) | 1.63 [0.73; 3.65] | 1.24 [0.54; 2.84] | 1.08 [0.45; 2.62] | 0.58 [0.18; 1.93] | |
| Pain at night | 13 (5.1) | 155 (6.0) | 0.84 [0.47; 1.50] | 0.74 [0.41; 1.33] | 0.70 [0.38; 1.30] | 0.49 [0.24; 1.02] | |
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| Functional symptoms | Dyspepsia nausea type | 3 (1.2) | 31 (1.2) | 0.98 [0.30; 3.23] | 0.73 [0.22; 2.47] | 0.75 [0.22; 2.54] | 0.80 [0.24; 2.69] |
| Dyspepsia regurgitation type | 5 (2.0) | 57 (2.2) | 0.89 [0.35; 2.23] | 0.79 [0.31; 2.01] | 0.65 [0.23; 1.82] | 0.49 [0.15; 1.61] | |
| Irritable bowel syndrome | 5 (2.0) | 39 (1.5) | 1.30 [0.51; 3.34] | 0.92 [0.35; 2.41] | 0.95 [0.36; 2.49] | 0.78 [0.27; 2.25] | |
| Change in number of stools per week5 | 0.0 [−0.5; 2.0] | 0.0 [−1.0; 1.0] | 1.01 [0.97; 1.05] | 1.02 [0.98; 1.07] | 1.02 [0.98; 1.07] | 1.02 [0.97; 1.06] | |
1 N (total) = 2,848 (minus missing in adjusted analyses), N (incident stones) = 250, N (cholecystectomy) = 6, and N (stone-free) = 2,592.
2Adjusted for baseline sex, age, BMI (interaction with sex), units of alcohol per week, social groups I + II–V, cohabitant status, and changes in consumption of alcohol units per week (interactions with sex).
3 N (total) = 2,842, N (incident stones) = 250, and N (stone-free) = 2,592.
4 N (total) = 2,805, N (incident stones) = 239, and N (stone-free) = 2,565.
5Models also include baseline number of stools per week.