Table 1.
Comparison of the demographic characteristics and medical history at baseline (the date at heart failure diagnosis) in cases and controls, adjusted for gender
| Characteristics | Cases (n = 1,691) |
Controls (n = 6,764) |
p-value1 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Men | Women | Total | Men | Women | ||
| Age (mean±SD, yr) | 63.7 ±13.4 | 61.9± 13.3 | 68.2±12.3 | 61.5±13.3 | 59.9±13.2 | 65.8±12.9 | <0.001 |
| Illiteracy | 883 (52.2) | 503 (42.1) | 380 (76.4) | 3,159 (46.7) | 1,836 (37.1) | 1,323 (72.4) | 0.05 |
| Smoking | 722 (42.7) | 337 (28.2) | 89 (17.9) | 2,399 (35.4) | 1,395 (28.2) | 333 (18.2) | 0.001 |
| Hypertension | 722 (42.7) | 429 (35.9) | 293 (58.9) | 2,399 (35.4) | 1,419 (28.7) | 980 (53.6) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes | 476 (28.2) | 265 (22.1) | 211 (42.4) | 1,521 (22.5) | 901 (18.2) | 620 (33.9) | <0.001 |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 319 (18.8) | 180 (15.0) | 139 (27.1) | 1,196 (17.6) | 740 (14.9) | 456 (24.9) | 0.26 |
| PCI | 152 (8.9) | 107 (8.9) | 45 (9.0) | 447 (6.6) | 341 (6.9) | 106 (5.8) | <0.001 |
| CABG | 82 (4.8) | 61 (5.1) | 21 (4.2) | 186 (2.7) | 148 (3.0) | 38 (2.0) | <0.001 |
Values are presented as number (%).
SD, standard deviation; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting.
1
Comparison of cases with controls.