Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2016 May 12;12(8):1292–1309. doi: 10.1080/15548627.2016.1183843

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© 2016 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The moral rights of the named author(s) have been asserted.

PMC Copyright notice

Figure 3. — Disrupted rhythms of locomotor activities and altered expression of key circadian clock genes in homozygous nr1d1 mutant zebrafish. (A, C) The locomotor assays of nr1d1 mutant and wild-type larvae from 4 dpf to 7 dpf under LD (A) and DD (C) conditions. nr1d1 mutants, n = 48; wild types, n = 48. (B, D) Heat maps represent the total swimming or resting area of a wild-type or nr1d1 mutant larva in each well under LD (B) and DD (D). The spatial bin size is 10X10 mm (see scale on the right). The red colors represent more resting activities of the larvae, and the blue color more locomotor activities of the larvae. nr1d1 mutant larvae (bottom) swim more of the perimeter in the well compared with wild types (top). (E) The average swimming distances of single wild-type and nr1d1 larva during one day. The upper dot box indicates the swimming distance of single larva in the day, and the bottom box the swimming distance of single larva in the night. Data represent mean ± s.d. (***, P ≤ 0 .001). (F) Histogram of the average period of wild-type and nr1d1 larvae. Data represent mean±s.d. (*, P ≤ 0 .05). (G) Histogram of the average swimming distances of wild-type and nr1d1 larva during the 3 d. Data represent mean ± s.d. (*, P ≤ 0 .05). (H) Histogram of the average phase during the 3 d. Data represent mean±s.d. (**, P ≤ 0 .01) (I) Altered expression of key circadian clock genes arntlb/bmal1b, arntl2/bmal2, cry1aa, cry1ab, per1b, per2, and per3 in nr1d1 mutant fish under DD condition shown by qRT-PCR analyses. The mRNA expression levels were analyzed by the JTK-CYCLE method. ADJ.P for adjusted minimal P-values (***, P ≤ 0 .001), AMP for amplitude. Two-way ANOVA with the Tukey post hoc test was conducted (***, P ≤ 0 .001). Approximately 50 zebrafish larvae were pooled for each time point. Data represent mean ± s.d. of the 3 independent experiments.