Table 3.
Baseline all-cause and COPD-related health care resource utilization and costs
| Total (n=754) | Low FEV1% predicteda (n=297) | High FEV1% predicteda (n=457) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| All-cause health care utilization and costsb,c | |||
| Inpatient hospitalizations | |||
| n (%) | 271 (35.9) | 113 (38.0) | 158 (34.6) |
| Hospitalizations for all patients, mean (SD, median) | 0.6 (1.22, 0) | 0.7 (1.16, 0) | 0.6 (1.26, 0) |
| Cost for all patients, mean (SD, median) | $7,252 ($17,611, $0) | $7,374 ($19,228, $0) | $7,173 ($16,498, $0) |
| ED visits | |||
| n (%) | 181 (24.0) | 65 (21.9) | 116 (25.4) |
| ED visits for all patients, mean (SD, median) | 0.4 (0.83, 0) | 0.3 (0.72, 0) | 0.4 (0.89, 0) |
| Cost for all patients, mean (SD, median) | $425 ($1,326, $0) | $383 ($1,301, $0) | $453 ($1,342, $0) |
| Physician office visits | |||
| n (%) | 752 (99.7) | 297 (100.0) | 455 (99.6) |
| Physician office visits for all patients, mean (SD, median) | 12.8 (8.39, 11) | 12.4 (8.09, 10) | 13.1 (8.58, 12) |
| Cost of physician office visits for all patients, mean (SD, median) | $1,556 ($1,227, $1,252) | $1,491 ($1,154, $1,227) | $1,598 ($1,272, $1,258) |
| Other outpatient services | |||
| n (%) | 741 (98.3) | 291 (98.0) | 450 (98.5) |
| Other outpatient services for all patients, mean (SD, median) | 20.6 (20.37, 14) | 22.3 (22.20, 17) | 19.4 (19.02, 14) |
| Cost of other outpatient services for all patients, mean (SD, median) | $5,556 ($13,362, $2,564) | $5,553 ($12,346, $2,661) | $5,558 ($13,996, $2,487) |
| Pharmacy dispensing | |||
| n (%) | 743 (98.5) | 290 (97.6) | 453 (99.1) |
| Claims for all patients, mean (SD, median) | 44.9 (32.53, 38) | 48.0 (32.83, 41) | 42.9 (32.22, 37) |
| Cost for all patients, mean (SD, median) | $5,621 ($11,356, $3,346) | $7,374 ($15,647, $4,246) | $4,483 ($7,124, $2,919) |
| Total medical costs, mean (SD, median) | $14,789 ($23,644, $6,895) | $14,801 ($23,928, $7,284) | $14,782 ($23,484, $6,652) |
| Total costs (sum of medical and pharmacy cost), mean (SD, median) | $20,411 ($26,573, $12,243) | $22,174 ($28,953, $13,262) | $19,264 ($24,870, $11,149) |
| COPD-related health care utilization and costsb,c | |||
| Inpatient hospitalizations | |||
| n (%) | 220 (29.2) | 101 (34.0) | 119 (26.0) |
| Hospitalizations for all patients, mean (SD, median) | 0.5 (0.92, 0) | 0.5 (0.93, 0) | 0.4 (0.91, 0) |
| Cost for all patients, mean (SD, median) | $5,070 ($12,354, $0) | $5,617 ($12,154, $0) | $4,714 ($12,483, $0) |
| ED visits | |||
| n (%) | 93 (12.3) | 42 (14.1) | 51 (11.2) |
| ED visits for all patients, mean (SD, median) | 0.2 (0.51, 0) | 0.2 (0.49, 0) | 0.2 (0.53, 0) |
| Cost for all patients, mean (SD, median) | $210 ($848, $0) | $260 ($1,081, $0) | $178 ($654, $0) |
| Physician office visits | |||
| n (%) | 674 (89.4) | 272 (91.6) | 402 (88.0) |
| Physician office visits for all patients, mean (SD, median) | 3.6 (3.24, 3) | 4.3 (3.56, 4) | 3.1 (2.90, 2) |
| Cost of physician office visits for all patients, mean (SD, median) | $425 ($449, $321) | $510 ($501, $380) | $370 ($403, $277) |
| Other outpatient services | |||
| n (%) | 430 (57.0) | 196 (66.0) | 234 (51.2) |
| Other outpatient services for all patients, mean (SD, median) | 5.1 (9.56, 1) | 7.9 (11.66, 2) | 3.3 (7.37, 1) |
| Cost of other outpatient services for all patients, mean (SD, median) | $1,027 ($3,656, $55) | $1,536 ($5,255, $242) | $697 ($1,967, $10) |
| Pharmacy dispensing | |||
| n (%) | 613 (81.3) | 261 (87.9) | 352 (77.0) |
| Claims for all patients, mean (SD, median) | 8.1 (9.26, 5) | 11.2 (10.70, 9) | 6.1 (7.53, 4) |
| Cost for all patients, mean (SD, median) | $1,952 ($2,247, $1,211) | $2,700 ($2,636, $2,039) | $1,466 ($1,795, $729) |
| Total medical costs, mean (SD, median) | $6,732 ($13,263, $1,180) | $7,922 ($13,647, $2,300) | $5,959 ($12,964, $701) |
| Total costs (sum of medical and pharmacy costs), mean (SD, median) | $8,684 ($13,533, $4,214) | $10,623 ($14,027, $6,142) | $7,425 ($13,064, $3,072) |
Notes:
a
Low FEV1 predicted was defined as FEV1 <50% predicted; high FEV1 predicted was defined as FEV1 ≥50% predicted.
b
Baseline all-cause and COPD-related healthcare resource utilization and costs were measured in the 12-month preindex period.
c
Costs were adjusted to 2014 US dollars given the most accurate and updated medical care price index information provided by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Abbreviations: ED, emergency department; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; SD, standard deviation.