Table 2. Histopathological differences between the three groups.
| TAV-AS | CBAV-AS | CBAV-AR | p value between TAV-AS vs. CBAV-AS | p value between CBAV-AS vs. CBAV-AR | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | 24 | 24 | 24 | ||
| Inflammation | |||||
| Grade 0 | 4 | 3 | 17 | NS | <0.01 |
| Grade 1 | 16 | 18 | 7 | ||
| Grade 2 | 4 | 3 | 0 | ||
| Grade 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Neovascularization | |||||
| Grade 0 | 4 | 1 | 12 | NS | <0.01 |
| Grade 1 | 13 | 19 | 11 | ||
| Grade 2 | 7 | 4 | 1 | ||
| Grade 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Calcium deposit | |||||
| Grade 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | NS | <0.01 |
| Grade 1 | 0 | 0 | 7 | ||
| Grade 2 | 3 | 4 | 2 | ||
| Grade 3 | 21 | 20 | 0 | ||
| Cholesterol deposit | |||||
| Grade 0 | 5 | 8 | 18 | NS | <0.01 |
| Grade 1 | 12 | 8 | 4 | ||
| Grade 2 | 6 | 6 | 2 | ||
| Grade 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | ||
| Fibrosis | |||||
| Grade 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | <0.01 | <0.01 |
| Grade 1 | 18 | 1 | 9 | ||
| Grade 2 | 6 | 9 | 12 | ||
| Grade 3 | 0 | 14 | 3 |
TAV; tricuspid aortic valve, CBAV; congenital bicuspid aortic valve, AS; aortic stenosis, AR; aortic regurgitation, NS; not significant.