Figure 6.

Photothermal effects on the calcium deposition of MG63 cells.

Notes: The mineralization activity of MG63 cells treated with 5 ppm of AuNP and laser irradiation of 80 mW/cm² for 1 minute and then cultured in fresh medium for 21 days. The photographs of Alizarin red-S staining of mineralization in cells were taken on (A) day 14 and (B) day 21. (C) Quantification of mineral deposition by Alizarin Red-S staining is presented as the mean ± SD, n=3. Size distribution of mineral deposition was determined by examining 100 randomly selected AuNPs of Alizarin Red-S staining in photographs. The data are presented as the mean. (D) Data were analyzed using the nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis H-test. Differences of P<0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Abbreviations: AuNP, gold nanoparticle; SD, standard deviation.