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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Bioessays. 2016 Mar 15;38(5):410–419. doi: 10.1002/bies.201500171

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Roles for H3.3 turnover in brain. Top: H3.3 accumulates with age in brain tissue, with levels reaching >90% of the total H3 pool in neuronal chromatin during mid-adolescence. Middle: H3.3 containing nucleosomes are deposited by HIRA and removed in a proteasomal-dependent manner to promote cell-type specific transcriptional responses in brain. Bottom: Reducing H3.3 turnover in neurons disrupts transcription of activity-dependent “late response” synaptic genes, decreases dendritic spines, reduces both excitatory (glutamatergic) and inhibitory (GABAergic) synapses, and impairs cognition.