Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Geriatr Oncol. 2016 May 31;7(4):293–304. doi: 10.1016/j.jgo.2016.04.007

Table 1. Physical intervention randomized control trials among older cancer survivors.

Author Sample # Age: Mean (Range) Cancer Design Intervention Intervention timing Outcomes/Measures Results
Demark-Wahnefried et al.28 (2006) 182 71.5 (65–86) Breast Prostate RCT 6 month (20 to 30 min bimonthly)
Home based diet and exercise interventions (telephone and mail-based counseling versus general health education)		 Diagnosis to 18 months

  • -Functional status (SF-36 subscale)

  • -Physical activity (CHAMPS)

  • -Diet quality index

 ↑ functional status
↑Physical activity (CHAMPS)
↑↑Diet quality index
-6 months post intervention there was no difference in outcomes between the two groups
Morey et al.29 (2009) 641 73 (65–91) Breast Colorectal Prostate And BMI>25
-early stage		 RCT 12 month (30 min-initial weekly×3, then bimonthly×2 and subsequently monthly) home-based diet and exercise interventions (telephone and mail counseling regarding diet and exercise)
Immediate versus delayed until after 12 months		 ≥5 years since diagnosis

  • -Physical Function (SF-36 subscale)

  • -Physical activity

  • -QoL

  • -BMI

 ↑↑Physical Function (SF-36 subscale)
↑↑Physical activity
↑↑QoL
↓↓BMI
Winters-Stone et al.31 (2012) 106 62.3 (53–83) Breast
-early stage		 RCT 12 month[3 – 1-h sessions/week(2 clinic and I home based)]Progressive resistance + impact exercise versus stretching placebo program ≥1 year since chemotherapy or RT

  • -Bench press and leg press strength

  • -Timed five chair stands

  • -4 m usual walk speed timed stance tests

  • -Handgrip strength

  • -Self-report of physical function and fatigue

 ↑↑Bench press and leg press strength
Campo et al.30 (2013) 40 72 (58–93) Prostate cancer RCT 12 week (2× week Qigong) versus stretch 5 years median from diagnosis.

  • -FACIT-fatigue

  • -Distress (BSI-18)

 ↑↑FACIT-fatigue
↑↑Distress (BSI-18)
Cormie et al.43 (2015) 63 69.6 (NR) Prostate cancer RCT 3 month(2 supervised sessions/week, 60 min each-aerobic and resistance exercise regimen) versus normal care Within 10 days of first hormonal therapy

  • -lean and fat mass

  • -bone mineral density

  • -physical function

  • -PCa specific quality of life

  • -fatigue

  • -psychological distress

 Preservation of lean mass
↑↑Muscular strength
↑Lower body function
↓Fatigue
↑↑Social functioning
↓Psychological distress
Winters-Stone et al.49 (2015) 51 70.2 (NR) Prostate cancer RCT 12 month[3 – 1 h sessions/week(2 clinic and I home based)]Progressive resistance + impact exercise versus stretching placebo program On hormonal therapy

  • -Bench press and leg strength

  • -objective and self-reported physical function and disability

 ↑↑ Bench press and leg strength
↑ objective and self-reported physical function
↓ disability
Sprod et al.50 (2015) 97 67 (NR) Breast Other cancers RCT 4 week (2 sessions per week each lasting 75 min) yoga intervention + Standard of care versus standard of care 2 months to 2 years post cancer treatment

  • -Cancer-related fatigue

  • -global side effect burden

 ↓Cancer related fatigue
↓global side effect burden

Notes to Table 1

Abbreviation: RCT—randomized controlled trials.

BMI—body mass index.

QoL –quality of life.

BMI-body mass index.

RT—radiotherapy.

Pca—Prostate cancer.

FACIT—Fatigue: Functional assessment of chronic illness therapy—Fatigue; BSI-18—Brief symptom inventory.

CHAMPS: Community Healthy Activities Models Program for Seniors, Short Form-36 subscale.↑—Trend towards improvement;

↑↑—significant improvement.

NA—not available.

NR—not reported.