Table 4.
Linear regression results for preschool predictors of kindergarten number sets performance
| Beginning of Preschool | Estimate | S.E. | t value | Pr(>|t|) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intercept | 0.29 | 0.33 | 0.87 | 0.386 |
| Parent education | ||||
| Unknown | 0.00 | -- | -- | -- |
| H.S. degree or less | 0.04 | 0.30 | 0.13 | 0.895 |
| At least some college | 0.17 | 0.28 | 0.60 | 0.550 |
| Intelligence | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.99 | 0.326 |
| Executive functions | −0.01 | 0.11 | −0.11 | 0.910 |
| Pre-literacy | 0.20 | 0.12 | 1.68 | 0.096 |
| Processing Speed | −0.24 | 0.10 | −2.42 | 0.018 |
| Give-a-number | ||||
| CP-Knower Level | 0.00 | -- | -- | -- |
| 4 Knower Level | −0.54 | 0.34 | −1.58 | 0.118 |
| 3 Knower Level | −0.22 | 0.34 | −0.66 | 0.510 |
| 2 Knower Level | −0.80 | 0.30 | −2.68 | 0.009 |
| 1 Knower Level | −0.69 | 0.42 | −1.65 | 0.101 |
| Point-to-x | 0.21 | 0.10 | 2.07 | 0.041 |
| Nonverbal calculation | 0.30 | 0.11 | 2.82 | 0.006 |
|
| ||||
| End of Preschool | Estimate | S.E. | t value | Pr(>|t|) |
|
| ||||
| Intercept | 0.14 | 0.24 | 0.57 | 0.569 |
| Parent education | ||||
| Unknown | 0.00 | -- | -- | -- |
| H.S. degree or less | −0.23 | 0.30 | −0.77 | 0.445 |
| At least some college | −0.17 | 0.29 | −0.60 | 0.551 |
| Intelligence | 0.15 | 0.11 | 1.31 | 0.192 |
| Executive functions | 0.13 | 0.11 | 1.15 | 0.252 |
| Pre-literacy | 0.15 | 0.12 | 1.19 | 0.236 |
| Processing Speed | −0.18 | 0.10 | −1.69 | 0.093 |
| Point-to-x | 0.37 | 0.12 | 2.97 | 0.004 |
| Nonverbal calculation | 0.19 | 0.11 | 1.84 | 0.069 |
| Numeral recognition | 0.06 | 0.13 | 0.45 | 0.651 |
Note. The regression analysis was conducted after excluding 4, pre- and one knower-level children who’s scores on the number sets test were 1 S.D. away from the nearest score in that knower-level grouping. With the four children included, the βs of the regression were pre- and one-knowers: −0.46 (p = .26); two-knowers: −0.76 (p = .02); three-knowers: −0.28 (p = .44); four- & five-knowers: −0.46 (p = .20).