Table 1.

Application of intravital imaging to brain infection by fungi.

Fungi	Animals	Nature of the work	Reference
C. neoformans	Mouse	The fungal cell is mechanically trapped in the brain capillary and transmigrates to the brain parenchyma with contributions from urease	Shi et al. (5)
C. neoformans	Mouse	Neutrophils internalize the intravascular fungal cell that had been arrested in the brain microvasculature and return to the blood stream in a “vacuum-cleaner” type of behavior	Zhang et al. (23)
C. neoformans	Zebrafish	The fungal cell was observed to proliferate within macrophages; capsule size determines early macrophage control of infection	Bojarczuk et al. (24)
C. neoformans	Zebrafish	The fungal cell can cross the zebrafish blood–brain barrier, which is dependent on the FNX1 virulence gene	Tenor et al. (25)
C. albicans	Mouse	Accumulation of both yeast and filamentous forms of the fungal cells were observed in the brain meninges and parenchyma	Navarathna et al. (26)
P. brasiliensis	Mouse	Enhanced leukocyte recruitment to the brain following the fungal infection is associated with CXCL9	Pedroso et al. (20)