Table 2.

Summary of previously reported cases of bone and joint infections caused by Haemophilus parainfluenzae.

	Age/sex	Site of infection	Prosthetic joint	Procedure∗	Comorbidities	Positive cultures	Surgical intervention	Beta-lactamase	Antibiotics	Length of therapy	Outcome
Our case	56 F	Hip	No	Interarticular steroid injection	Asplenic	Synovial fluid	Arthrotomy	Positive	Ceftriaxone	9 weeks	Cure
Hong et al. [3]	53 M	AC joint1	No	None	None	Blood	No	Not reported	Cefazolin and gentamicin	4 weeks	Cure
Bailey et al. [4]	75 M	Knee	Yes	TKA3	CLL4	Tissue	2-stage revision of TKA	Negative	Flucloxacillin and rifampicin	10 weeks	Cure
Carey et al. [5]	60s F	AC joint, clavicle	No	None	None	Tissue	Incision and drainage	Not reported	Levofloxacin	14 days	Cure
Khor et al. [6]	79 M	Spine, epidural, psoas		Gastroscopy	None	Tissue	Laminectomy	Negative	Ampicillin	14 weeks	Cure
	36 M	SI joint2, spine		None	None	Blood	No	Negative	Ampicillin	10 weeks	Cure
Jellicoe et al. [7]	78 F	Hip	Yes	Dental	None	Synovial fluid and tissue	2-stage revision of THA7	Negative	Ampicillin and flucloxacillin	4 weeks	Cure
Blanche et al. [8]	26 M	Knee	No	Nasopharyngeal biopsy	HIV5	Blood and synovial fluid	No	Not reported	Not reported	Not reported	Cure
Beauvais et al. [9]	70 M	Spine		Gastroscopy and colonoscopy	Colon cancer	Tissue	No	Not reported	Not reported	Not reported	Cure
Manian [10]	72 M	Knee	Yes	Dental	None	Wound swab	No	Negative	Ciprofloxacin	Chronic, suppressive	Chronic infection
Auten et al. [11]	74 M	Spine, epidural		Dental	None	Tissue	Laminectomy	Negative	TMP/SMX8 and tobramycin	7 weeks	Cure
Pravda and Habermann [12]	78 F	Knee	Yes	Dental	None	Synovial fluid	Arthrotomy	Negative	Ampicillin and amoxicillin	12 weeks	Cure
Olk et al. [13]	49 M	Spine		Nasal septoplasty	None	Tissue	No	Negative	Ceftriaxone	6 weeks	Cure
Warman et al. [14]	95 F	Ankle, meningitis	No	None	Dementia	Synovial fluid and CSF6	No	Negative	Ampicillin	14 days	Cure
Oill et al. [15]	18 M	Polyarticular	No	None	None	Blood	No	Not reported	Penicillin and ampicillin	7 days	Lost to follow-up
Renne et al. [16]	8 mo F	Knee	No	None	Otitis media	Synovial fluid	Arthrotomy	Not reported	Ampicillin	10 days	Cure

^∗In the previous three months; ¹acromioclavicular joint, ²sacroiliac joint, ³total knee arthroplasty, ⁴chronic lymphocytic leukemia, ⁵human immunodeficiency virus, ⁶cerebrospinal fluid, ⁷total hip arthroplasty, and ⁸trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole.