Table 2.

Description of 12 datasets.

Dataset	Condition	Detail Description
I (see in Figure 11a)	1.2 °C, morning, humidity 73.0%, wind 1.6 m/s	-The intensity of background is influenced by the window of building -Human shadow is reflected on the window, which is detected as another object in thermal image
II (see in Figure 11b)	−1.0 °C, evening, humidity 73.0%, wind 1.5 m/s	-The intensity of background is influenced by the window of building -Object is not seen in visible light image -Human shadow is reflected on window, which is detected as another object in thermal image
III (see in Figure 11c)	1.0 °C, afternoon, cloudy, humidity 50.6%, wind 1.7 m/s	-The intensity of background is influenced by leaves and trees
IV (see in Figure 11d)	−2.0 °C, dark night, humidity 50.6%, wind 1.8 m/s	-The intensity of background is influenced by leaves and trees -Object is not seen in visible light image
V (see in Figure 11e)	14.0 °C, afternoon, sunny, humidity 43.4%, wind 3.1 m/s	-Difference between background and human diminishes because of the high temperature of background
VI (see in Figure 11f)	5.0 °C, dark night, humidity 43.4%, wind 3.1 m/s	-The air heating system of building increases the temperature of part of the building in background -Object is not seen in visible light image
VII (see in Figure 11g)	−6.0 °C, afternoon, cloudy, humidity 39.6%, wind 1.9 m/s	-Halo effect is shown near the human area in thermal image, which makes it difficult to detect the correct human area
VIII (see in Figure 11h)	−10.0 °C, dark night, humidity 39.6%, wind 1.7 m/s	-Halo effect is shown near the human area in thermal image, which makes it difficult to detect the correct human area -Object is not seen in visible light image
IX (see in Figure 11i)	21.9 °C, afternoon, cloudy, humidity 62.6%, wind 1.3 m/s	-Halo effect is shown near the human area in thermal image, which makes it difficult to detect the correct human area -Difference between background and human diminishes due to the high temperature of background
X (see in Figure 11j)	−10.9 °C, dark night, humidity 48.3%, wind 2.0 m/s	-The dataset was collected at night during winter. Therefore, the background in thermal image is too dark because of low temperature -Object is not seen in visible light image
XI (see in Figure 11k)	27.0 °C, afternoon, sunny, humidity 60.0%, wind 1.0 m/s	-Human is darker than road because the temperature of the road is much higher than that of a human in summer -Leg is not clear when kicking behavior happens because the woman in the image wore a long skirt
XII (see in Figure 11l)	20.2 °C, dark night, humidity 58.6%, wind 1.2 m/s	-Human is darker than road because the temperature of the road is much higher than that of a human in summer -Object is not seen in visible light image