Table 1.
1. Determinants of pollination (number of pollen grains on stigmas) | |||
a. | Full model | Pollen = constant + exsertion + lip width + population + population × exsertion + population × lip width | AICc = 1728·99 |
b. | Best interaction model | Pollen = constant + exsertion + lip width* + population + population × exsertion | AICc = 1714·83 |
c. | Best model | Pollen = constant + exsertion** + lip width + population*** | AICc = 1700·10 |
2. Determinants of seed predation | |||
a. | Full model | Seed predation = constant + exsertion*** + lip width + pollen** + population + population × pollen + population × exsertion + population × pollen + population × lip | AICc = –128·48 |
b. | Best interaction model | Seed predation = constant + exsertion*** + lip width* + pollen* + population + population × exsertion | AICc = –151·03 |
c. | Best model | Seed predation = constant + exsertion*** + lip width* + pollen* + population*** | AICc = –156·11 |
3. Determinants of initial seed set | |||
a. | Full model | Initial seed set = constant + exsertion* + lip + pollen*** + population*** + population × exsertion + population × lip* + population × pollen | AICc = –452·54 |
b. | Best interaction model | Initial seed set = constant + pollen** + population** + population × pollen | AICc = –480·30 |
c. | Best model | Initial seed set = constant + population*** + pollen*** | AICc = –493·44 |
4. Determinants of total surviving seeds | |||
a. | Full model | Total seeds = constant + pollen + initial seed set*** – seed predation + exsertion + lip + population*** + population × initial seed set*** + population × seed predation*** + population × pollen + population×exsertion*** + population × lip + population × initial seed set × predation*** + population × initial seed set × predation × exsertion *** | AICc = –971·091 |
b. | Best model | Total seeds = constant + initial seed set*** – seed predation + population*** + population×initial seed set*** + population × seed predation*** population × exsertion*** + population × initial seed set × predation*** + population × initial seed set × predation × exsertion *** | AICc = –1000·03 |
All proportions were arcsin-squareroot transformed to meet model assumptions of normality. (These transformations resulted in slightly lower AICs compared with untransformed data, but did not substantially change the results.) Models 1 and 3 are based on data from populations 1–14, whereas models 2 and 4 are based on data from populations 1, 3, 5 and 8–11. Note that Model 4 has only two models listed because the interaction model had a lower AIC than the no-interaction model.
Wald χ2 P-values for model-term effects:
*P < 0·05;
**P < 0·01;
***P < 0·001; no asterisk: P > 0·05.