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. 2016 Jul 28;11:3487–3500. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S110920

Figure 7.

Figure 7

Apatite formation on scaffold surface after immersion in SBF for 7 days.

Notes: Many clustered apatite islands formed (A1–F1), and the morphologies were similar among different scaffolds (A2–F2). The clustered apatite islands were constituted by hundreds of small needle-like aggregates (A3–F3). Ca and P elements were detected in addition to C, O, and Pt elements on the apatite islands (A4–F4). (A1–A4) S1 scaffold, (B1–B4) S2 scaffold, (C1–C4) S3 scaffold, (D1–D4) S4 scaffold, (E1–E4) S5 scaffold, and (F1–F4) S6 scaffold. (A1–F1) Photographs, (A2–F2) low-magnification and (A3–F3) high-magnification SEM images, (A4–F4) EDS spectra. S1, PEEK–10 wt% nano-HAP; S2, PEEK–10 wt% nano-HAP–1 wt% GNSs; S3, PEEK–10 wt% nano-HAP–0.8 wt% GNSs–0.2 wt% CNTs; S4, PEEK–10 wt% nano-HAP–0.5 wt% GNSs–0.5 wt% CNTs; S5, PEEK–10 wt% nano-HAP–0.2 wt% GNSs–0.8 wt% CNTs; S6, PEEK–10 wt% nano-HAP–1 wt% CNTs.

Abbreviations: EDS, energy dispersive spectroscopy; SBF, simulated body fluid; SEM, scanning electron microscopy; CNTs, carbon nanotubes; GNSs, graphene nanosheets; HAP, hydroxyapatite; PEEK, polyetheretherketone.