Table 4.
Muscle strength using handheld dynamometer, range of motion using goniometer, and EMG data
| Patient 1 | Patient 2 | Patient 3 | Patient 4 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Before | After | Change, % | Before | After | Change, % | Before | After | Change, % | Before | After | Change, % | |
| Muscle strengtha, % | ||||||||||||
| Arm elevation | 16.9 | 19.1 | 13.1 | 42.2 | 43.5 | 3.05 | 24.3 | 33.1 | 35.9 | 15.0 | 39.2 | 161.8 |
| Internal rotation | 32.7 | 37.8 | 15.6 | 68.5 | 70.9 | 3.5 | 43.8 | 39.7 | (-) 9.4 | 41.8 | 56.9 | 35.6 |
| External rotation | 26.0 | 31.8 | 22.5 | 61.9 | 68.1 | 10.1 | 26.5 | 39.9 | 50.5 | 42.5 | 65.4 | 54.0 |
| Range of motion, degrees | ||||||||||||
| Internal rotation | 57.0 | 94.0 | 64.9 | 62.0 | 67.0 | 8.1 | 62.0 | 87.0 | 40.3 | 73.0 | 94.0 | 28.8 |
| External rotation | 93.0 | 104.0 | 11.8 | 99.0 | 92.0 | (-) 7.1 | 95.0 | 94.0 | (-) 1.0 | 94.0 | 91.0 | (-) 3.2 |
| Surface EMGb, % | ||||||||||||
| Upper trapezius | 17.9 | 12.6 | (-) 29.8 | 50.5 | 35.6 | (-) 29.5 | 15.1 | 81.7 | 441.0 | 17.5 | 55.9 | 219.7 |
| Lower trapezius | 25.2 | 9.8 | (-) 61.2 | 71.5 | 51.5 | (-) 28.0 | 24.0 | 59.9 | 149.3 | 8.1 | 26.4 | 226.7 |
| Serratus anterior | 35.3 | 68.6 | 94.6 | 49.6 | 70.0 | 41.0 | 33.9 | 43.4 | 28.1 | 24.4 | 44.4 | 81.6 |
Abbreviation: EMG (electromyography)
a
Normalized in relation to body mass index
b
Normalized in relation to maximal isometric voluntary contraction