Table 3.
Psychometric properties of the HLQ, Danish version
| Item | Factor loading (95 % CI) |
R2 | Composite reliability (95 % CI) Cronbach’s α (italics) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Feeling understood and supported by healthcare providers | 0.84 (0.82–0.87); 0.83 | |||
| I have at least one healthcare provider who knows me well | 0.80 | 0.77–0.84 | 0.65 | |
| I have at least one healthcare provider I can discuss … | 0.91 | 0.88–0.94 | 0.83 | |
| I have the healthcare providers I need to help me work … | 0.75 | 0.71–0.79 | 0.56 | |
| I can rely on at least one healthcare provider. | 0.83 | 0.80–0.86 | 0.69 | |
| Fit with 1 correlated residual = χ2WLSMV (1) = 6.504, p = 0.0108, CFI = 0.999, TLI = 0.980, RMSEA = 0.107 (0.041–0.191) | ||||
| Having sufficient information to manage my health | 0.84 (0.82–0.87); 0.84 | |||
| I feel I have good information about health | 0.76 | 0.71–0.80 | 0.57 | |
| I have enough information to help me deal with my … | 0.83 | 0.79–0.87 | 0.69 | |
| I am sure I have all the information I need to manage … | 0.89 | 0.85–0.92 | 0.79 | |
| I have all the information I need to look after my health | 0.85 | 0.81–0.88 | 0.72 | |
| Model fit—χ2WLSMV (2) = 4.753, p = 0.093, CFI = 0.999, TLI = 0.997, RMSEA = 0.054 (0.000–0.118) | ||||
| Actively managing my health | 0.83 (0.80–0.85); 0.82 | |||
| I spend quite a lot of time actively managing my health | 0.72 | 0.67–0.77 | 0.51 | |
| I make plans for what I need to do to be healthy. | 0.93 | 0.90–0.96 | 0.87 | |
| Despite other things in my life, I make time to be healthy | 0.66 | 0.60–0.71 | 0.43 | |
| I set my own goals about health and fitness | 0.63 | 0.58–0.69 | 0.40 | |
| There are things that I do regularly to make myself more healthy | 0.79 | 0.74–0.84 | 0.62 | |
| Model fit—χ2WLSMV (5) = 18.527, p = 0.0024, CFI = 0.994, TLI = 0.988, RMSEA = 0.075 (0.041–0.113) | ||||
| Social support for health | 0.82 (0.79–0.84); 0.81 | |||
| I can get access to several people who understand and … | 0.78 | 0.74–0.83 | 0.61 | |
| When I feel ill, the people around me really understand … | 0.60 | 0.54–0.67 | 0.36 | |
| If I need help, I have plenty of people I can rely on. | 0.86 | 0.82–0.89 | 0.73 | |
| I have at least one person who can come to medical … | 0.73 | 0.68–0.78 | 0.53 | |
| I have strong support from family or friends. | 0.82 | 0.77–0.86 | 0.67 | |
| Fit with two correlated residuals = χ2WLSMV (3) = 3.101, p = 0.3764, CFI = 1.000, TLI = 1.000, RMSEA = 0.008 (0.000–0.078) | ||||
| Appraisal of health information | 0.77 (0.73–0.80); 0.76 | |||
| I compare health information from different sources | 0.71 | 0.65–0.76 | 0.50 | |
| When I see new information about health, I check up … | 0.75 | 0.70–0.80 | 0.57 | |
| I always compare health information from different sources … | 0.86 | 0.81–0.90 | 0.73 | |
| I know how to find out if the health information I receive is … | 0.49 | 0.41–0.56 | 0.24 | |
| I ask healthcare providers about the quality of the … | 0.59 | 0.52–0.66 | 0.35 | |
| Fit with one correlated residual = χ2WLSMV (4) = 7.509, p = 0.1113, CFI = 0.997, TLI = 0.994, RMSEA = 0.043 (0.000–0.090) | ||||
| Ability to actively engage with healthcare providers | 0.84 (0.81–0.86); 0.84 | |||
| Make sure that healthcare providers understand your … | 0.60 | 0.54–0.66 | 0.36 | |
| Feel able to discuss your health concerns with a … | 0.78 | 0.74–0.83 | 0.62 | |
| Have good discussions about your health with doctors | 0.75 | 0.70–0.80 | 0.56 | |
| Discuss things with healthcare providers until you understand … | 0.86 | 0.82–0.89 | 0.73 | |
| Ask healthcare providers questions to get the … | 0.87 | 0.84–0.91 | 0.76 | |
| Fit with one correlated residual = χ2WLSMV (4) = 5.976, p = 0.2010, CFI = 0.999, TLI = 0.998, RMSEA = 0.032 (0.000–0.082) | ||||
| Navigating the healthcare system | 0.84 (0.82–0.87); 0.84 | |||
| Find the right healthcare | 0.72 | 0.66–0.77 | 0.51 | |
| Get to see the healthcare providers I need to | 0.50 | 0.42–0.57 | 0.25 | |
| Decide which healthcare provider you need to see. | 0.84 | 0.80–0.88 | 0.70 | |
| Make sure you find the right place to get the health … | 0.85 | 0.82–0.89 | 0.73 | |
| Find out what healthcare services you are entitled to | 0.78 | 0.73–0.82 | 0.61 | |
| Work out what is the best care for you | 0.79 | 0.75–0.83 | 0.62 | |
| Fit with two correlated residuals = χ2WLSMV (7) = 11.293, p = 0.1264, CFI = 0.999, TLI = 0.997, RMSEA = 0.036 (0.000–0.072) | ||||
| Ability to find good health information | 0.87 (0.85–0.89); 0.87 | |||
| Find information about health problems | 0.81 | 0.77–0.85 | 0.65 | |
| Find health information from several different places | 0.86 | 0.83–0.90 | 0.74 | |
| Get information about health so you are up to date … | 0.83 | 0.79–0.86 | 0.68 | |
| Get health information in words you understand | 0.71 | 0.67–0.76 | 0.51 | |
| Get health information by yourself | 0.88 | 0.85–0.91 | 0.77 | |
| Model fit—χ2WLSMV (5) = 5.106, p = 0.4031, CFI = 1.0, TLI = 1.0, RMSEA = 0.007 (0.000–0.064) | ||||
| Understanding health information well enough to know what to do | 0.81 (0.79–0.84); 0.81 | |||
| Confidently fill medical forms in the correct way | 0.69 | 0.64–0.75 | 0.48 | |
| Accurately follow the instructions from healthcare providers | 0.69 | 0.63–0.75 | 0.48 | |
| Read and understand written health information | 0.83 | 0.79–0.87 | 0.68 | |
| Read and understand all the information on medication labels | 0.80 | 0.76–0.84 | 0.65 | |
| Understand what healthcare providers are asking you to do | 0.78 | 0.73–0.83 | 0.61 | |
| Fit with one correlated residual = χ2WLSMV (4) = 5.897, p = 0.2070, CFI = 0.999, TLI = 0.998, RMSEA = 0.031 (0.000–0.081) | ||||