Table 4.
Relation between classic/clinical convergence insufficiency (3 clinical criteria met), accommodative insufficiency, and astigmatism magnitude (most astigmatic eye). Chi-square analyses compared each diagnostic category (row) to the reference category: students who did not meet the clinical criteria for either CI or AI (first row of data, in italic). No significant differences were observed (all p values > 0.10).
| Category | Astigmatism magnitude, most astigmatic eye (n, %) |
Total | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| <1.00 D N = 212 |
1.00 to <3.00 D N = 126 |
≥3.00 D N = 146 |
||
| Reference: no clinical CI or AI |
135
44.6% |
80
26.4% |
88
29.0% |
303
100% |
| Clinical CI | 24 44.4% |
14 25.9% |
16 29.6% |
54 100% |
| Clinical AI | 70 44.6% |
39 24.8% |
48 30.6% |
157 100% |
| Clinical CI without AI | 7 29.2% |
7 29.2% |
10 41.2% |
24 100% |
| Clinical AI without CI | 53 41.7% |
32 25.2% |
42 33.1% |
127 100% |
| Clinical AI and CI | 17 56.7% |
7 23.3% |
6 20.0% |
30 100% |
| Symptomatic CI | 17 56.7% |
7 23.3% |
6 20.0% |
30 100% |
| Symptomatic AI | 46 52.3% |
18 20.5% |
24 27.3% |
88 100% |
| Symptomatic CI without AI | 5 38.5% |
4 30.8% |
4 30.8% |
13 100% |
| Symptomatic AI without CI | 34 47.9% |
15 21.1% |
22 31.0% |
71 100% |
| Symptomatic AI and CI | 12 70.6% |
3 17.6% |
2 11.8% |
17 100% |