Figure 5. A scheme summarizing the beneficial mechanisms brought about by each intervention.

The effects of neural stem/progenitor cell transplantation and treadmill training therapies towards functional recovery in the chronic and acute/subacute SCI model animals. Although transplantation single therapy induces only a limited effect on partial remyelination, 5HT fibre regeneration, and increasing CPG activity without appropriate inhibition, the addition of treadmill training further facilitates neuronal differentiation and CPG maturation, together with trophic support, leading to significant locomotor recovery.