Chr19 enhancer function in different tissues. Transgene synthesis was compared from either the chicken β-actin (CBA) or Chr19-mini-CMV promoters after systemic AAV8 administration. The luciferase gene was used as the reporter. A total of 1 × 1011 particles were injected into the tail vein of BalbC mice, and luciferase activity was determined 15 weeks later by live imaging (a). Sixteen weeks postinjection, mice were killed and luciferase activity in various tissues was determined as described in the text and normalized to total recovered protein from the cognate tissue. The data are presented as the relative fold increase, compared to values from the mini-CMV promoter (data not shown), to demonstrate the enhancement by the Chr19 fragment. AAV, adeno-associated virus.